大

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Такође погледајте: , 犬, 太, 六, 丈, и ㅊ
大 U+5927, 大
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5927
← 夦
[U+5926] 		ЦЈК јединствени идеограми 夨 →
[U+5928]
⼤ U+2F24, ⼤
KANGXI RADICAL BIG
← ⼣
[U+2F23] 		Канџи радикали ⼥ →
[U+2F25]

међународно


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Редослед писања

Han character

Види слике од
Радикал 37 大

大 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 大 (K), четири-угла 40030 or 40800, composition ⿻一人 or ⿸𠂇㇏)

  1. Кангци радикал #37, ⼤.

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 248, карактер 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 5831
  • Dae Jaweon: страна 492, карактер 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: том 1, страна 520, карактер 1
  • Unihan data за U+5927

Кинески


једн. and трад.
 大
алтернативне форме 亣
𠘲
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 大 (Писано Стандардни Кинески?)
  • 大 (Кантонски)

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 大
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Shizhoupian script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (大) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Стари Кинески
馱 *daːl, *daːds
大
忕
太
汰
汏
軑
釱
达
杕

Ideogram (指事): a person 人 with arms stretched out as far as possible, implying the meaning of big/great/large.

Compare with 尢, which is a man with bent legs.

Compare also 文, which is a man with arms outstretched and a crest or tattoo on his chest, and to 夭, which is a man with arms outstretched and leaning to side (running).

Etymology

Three pronunciations can be found in Modern Standard Mandarin:

  1. Modern dà, from Middle Chinese dɑH, from Old Chinese *lˤaːts. The phonological development from Old Chinese to Middle Chinese is irregular. Original sense: "big" (Shijing). Derived senses: "size" (Mozi), "thick" (Zhuangzi), "to respect" (Mengzi), "to respect" (Xunzi), "to extol" (Gongyang Zhuan), "to exaggerate" (Classic of Rites), "arrogant" (Guoyu), "good" (I Ching), "(of time) long" (Erya), "senior" (Shijing).
  2. Modern dài, from Middle Chinese dɑiH, from Old Chinese *lˤaːts. This Middle Chinese pronunciation-preserving (i.e. literary) pronunciation occurs only in compounds such as 大夫 (“doctor”) and 大王 (dàiwang, “(in operas, old novels) king; ringleader”).
  3. Modern tài, from Middle Chinese tʰɑiH, from Old Chinese *l̥ˤaːts. This is the ancient form of 太 (“too, excessively”) and this orthographical usage is obsolete in modern languages.

Pronunciation 2), the diphthong reading, is traditionally regarded as the correct one. However, the monophthong reading 1) has been recorded as early as Han Dynasty, and Sui-Tang rhyme books record both. Both readings are reflected in Sino-xenic readings in non-Sinitic languages, although the diphthong readings dominate in compounds. Axel Schüssler postulates that all pronunciations can eventually be traced back to liquid initials, i.e. 1,2) **laːts, 3) **hlaːts.

The three pronunciations are cognate. Within Chinese, they are cognate with 太 (“too, excessively”), 泰 (“big”). Wang (1982) also lists 誕 (“big, magniloquent, ridiculous”) as a cognate, which Schuessler (2007) suggests is cognate with 延 (“to extend”) instead. There are no unambiguous Tibeto-Burman cognates. Proto-Tibeto-Burman *taj (“big”), from which came Written Tibetan མཐེ་བོ (mthe bo, “thumb”), Anong tʰɛ (“big; large; great”), Mikir tʰè, ketʰè ("id."), Бурмански တယ် (tai, “very”), is often compared with. There is no final –s in the Tibeto-Burman words, but a –y, which, according to James Matisoff, "indicates emergent quality in stative verbs". Also compare Chinese 多 (“many, much”), 都 (“all”).

Pronunciation 1

Нота: daai6-2 - “only so big/old”.
Нота: to5 - limited (e.g. 大(姑)娘, 大(姑)爺).
Нота:
  • tōa/tā - vernacular;
  • tāi - literary.
Нота:
  • dua7 - vernacular;
  • dai6 - literary.
  • Wu
    • Нота:
    • 3du - vernacular;
    • 3da - literary.
  • Xiang
    • Нота:
    • dai5 - vernacular;
    • da4 - literary.

    Definitions

    大

    1. of great size; big; large; huge
      Antonym: 小
      這個太大了！ / 这个太大了！  ―  Zhè ge tài dà le!  ―  This is too big!
      呢條褲好大條。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      呢条裤好大条。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ni1 tiu4 fu3 hou2 daai6 tiu4. [Jyutping]
      This pair of pants is very big.
    2. big; great
      中美關係已有很大改善。 [MSC, trad.]
      中美关系已有很大改善。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhōng Měi guānxì yǐ yǒu hěn dà gǎishàn. [Pinyin]
      Relations between China and America have improved greatly.
      大不列顛 / 大不列颠  ―  dàbùlièdiān  ―  Great Britain
    3. great of its kind
      昨天下大雨。  ―  Zuótiān xià dàyǔ.  ―  There was heavy rain yesterday.
      好大𠹻味 [Cantonese]  ―  hou2 daai6 zam6 mei6 [Jyutping]  ―  a very strong smell
      風吹得好大 / 风吹得好大 [Cantonese]  ―  fung1 ceoi1 dak1 hou2 daai6 [Jyutping]  ―  the wind is blowing fiercely
    4. in an extreme manner; greatly
      大哭  ―  dà kū  ―  to cry violently
      大吃一驚 / 大吃一惊  ―  dàchīyījīng  ―  to be greatly shocked
      大不相同  ―  dà bù xiàngtóng  ―  to be greatly different
      你遇到這種情況，大可以走人哪。 [MSC, trad.]
      你遇到这种情况，大可以走人哪。 [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐ yùdào zhè zhǒng qíngkuàng, dà kěyǐ zǒurén na. [Pinyin]
      If you come across this kind of situation, you absolutely can leave.
      Lua грешка in Модул:zh-usex at line 103: variety M-UIB not recognized..
    5. main; major
      Antonym: 小
      他們將車一直開到大門口。 [MSC, trad.]
      他们将车一直开到大门口。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tāmen jiāng chē yīzhí kāi dào dà ménkǒu. [Pinyin]
      They drove right up to the main gate.
      他是一家石油公司的大股東。 [MSC, trad.]
      他是一家石油公司的大股东。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā shì yījiā shíyóu gōngsī de dà gǔdōng. [Pinyin]
      He is a major stockholder in an oil company.
    6. well-known; successful (only applied to some occupations)
      大書法家 / 大书法家  ―  dà shūfǎjiā  ―  a well-known calligrapher
    7. mature; grown up
      ⇒ 老
      Antonym: 小
      你多大了？  ―  Nǐ duō dà le?  ―  How old are you?
      她比他大。  ―  Tā bǐ tā dà.  ―  She is older than him.
      你隻狗係咁大㗎喇。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      你只狗系咁大㗎喇。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      nei5 zek3 gau2 hai6 gam3 daai6-2 gaa3 laa3. [Jyutping]
      Your dog isn't going to grow any older.
    8. (Cantonese) to grow up
      喺廣州大 / 喺广州大 [Cantonese]  ―  hai2 gwong2 zau1 daai6 [Jyutping]  ―  to grow up in Guangzhou
    9. (Cantonese) to be older than
      Antonym: 細／细
      我大佢兩年。 / 我大佢两年。 [Cantonese]  ―  ngo5 daai6 keoi5 loeng5 nin4. [Jyutping]  ―  I am older than them by two years.
    10. (dialectal) father
    11. (dialectal) father's elder or younger brother
    12. (Cantonese, slang) to intimidate; to threaten
      你大我呀？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei5 daai6 ngo5 aa4? [Jyutping]  ―  Are you trying to intimidate me?
      你咪大我。 [Cantonese]  ―  nei5 mai5 daai6 ngo5. [Jyutping]  ―  Don't you threaten me.
    13. (Cantonese, euphemistic) number two
      我好急呀，要去大。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
      ngo5 hou2 gap1 aa3, jiu3 heoi3 daai6. [Jyutping]
      I need to go number two.
    14. Шаблон:zh-abbrev Used only in the abbreviation of the name.
      北大  ―  Běidà  ―  Peking University
    15. 45th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "greatness" (𝌲)
    16. A презиме​..
    Synonyms

    Compounds

    Изведени термини од 大

    Descendants

    Sino-Xenic (大):

    Others:

    • → Тајски: ไท้ (tái)

    Pronunciation 2

    Нота:
    • dà - variant used in 大王 (“ringleader; monarch”).
  • Кантонски
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Dong
  • Мин Нан

    • Definitions

    大

    1. Used in 大夫 (“doctor”).
    2. Used in 大城 (Dàichéng, “Daicheng, Hebei”).
    3. Used in 大王 (dàiwáng, “(in operas, old novels) king; ringleader”).

    Compounds

    Изведени термини од 大

    Pronunciation 3

    Definitions

    大

    1. (Cantonese) small
      咁大 [Cantonese]  ―  gam3 daai6-1 [Jyutping]  ―  so puny

    Pronunciation 4

    За изговор и дефиниције од 大 – види 太.
    (Овај character, 大, је an ancient облик од 太.)
    За изговор и дефиниције од 大 – види 泰.
    (Овај character, 大, је an ancient облик од 泰.)

    References

    Јапански


    Kanji

    大

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings

    Compounds

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji за овај терм
    大
    だい
    Степен: 1
    on’yomi

    From Средњи Кинески 大.

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    大(だい) (dai-) 

    1. big, large
      大(だい)ピンチ
      dai-pinchi
      tremendous crisis
      大(だい)ヒットする
      dai-hitto suru
      to become a smash hit
    2. the large part of
    3. (religion) arch-

    Suffix

    大(だい) (-dai) 

    1. Скраћеница од 大学 (daigaku, “university”).
      東(とう)大(だい) ― Tōdai ― Tokyo Univ.
      阪(はん)大(だい) ― Handai ― Osaka Univ.
      北(ほく)大(だい) ― Hokudai ― Hokkaido Univ.
      北(ほく)陸(りく)大(だい) ― Hokurikudai ― Hokuriku Univ.
    Usage notes

    This is often the first half two-character shorthand name of universities, for example 東大 (Tōdai, “Tokyo University”). Reading of first character often changes from kun'yomi to on'yomi.

    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Kanji за овај терм
    大
    おお
    Степен: 1
    kun’yomi

    /opo/ → /ofo/ → /owo/ → /oː/

    From Стари Јапански 大 (opo), from Proto-Japonic *əpə.

    Prefix

    大(おお) (ō-) ←おほ (ofo)?

    1. big; great
      大(おお)馬鹿(ばか)な
      ō-baka na
      extremely foolish
    Derived terms
    Related terms

    References

    1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Корејски


    Etymology

    From Средњи Кинески 大.

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 땡〮 (Yale: ttáy)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 크다 (Yale: khuta) 대 (Yale: tay)

    Pronunciation

    • (in 大口, 大邱, 大斗, 大文, and 大田):
    • (big; main; etc.):
      • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tɛ(ː)] ~ [te̞(ː)]
      • Phonetic hangul: [대(ː)/데(ː)]
        • Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    大 (eumhun 큰 대 (keun dae))

    1. Hanja form? of 대 (“large; big”).
    2. Hanja form? of 대 (“big, great; main, major”).

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Okinawan

    Kanji

    大

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings

    Compounds

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    Шаблон:ryu-pos

    1. big, large

    Etymology 2

    From Proto-Ryukyuan *opo, from Proto-Japonic *əpə.

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    Шаблон:ryu-pos

    1. big; great
    2. greater
    Derived terms
    Related terms

    Вијетнамски


    Han character

    大: Hán Việt readings: đại-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn (度(đạc)柰(nại)切(thiết))
    大: Nôm readings: đại-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;taberd, đài-tdcndg;tdcntd, dãy-gdhn;btcn, dảy-gdhn, đẫy-gdhn

    1. Hán tự form of đại, “big; great”

    Compounds

    References


    大 (кинески)

    Објашњење.

    Изговор:

    пинјин: dà  
    Аудио: (датотека)
    Шаблон:zh-cir

    Радикал:

    ⼤ 37

    Значења:

    ...

    Примери:

    1. 9 運到之後、耶和華的手攻擊那城、使那城的人大[1]大[1]驚慌．無論大小[1]都生痔瘡。
      1. 9 Yùn dào zhīhòu, yēhéhuá de shǒu gōngjí nà chéng, shǐ nà chéng de réndà dà jīnghuāng. Wúlùn dàxiǎo dōu shēng zhìchuāng.
        1. 9. А кад га пренесоше, би рука Господња на граду с муком врло великом, и стаде бити грађане од малог до великог, и дођоше на њих тајни шуљеви.
          1. 5 Мој. 2:15, 1 Сам. 7:13, Псал. 78:66
            1. 8 10

    Порекло глифа

    Историјски облици карактера 大
    Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
    Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Shizhoupian script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
    Знакови у истом фонетском низу (大) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
    Стари Кинески
    馱 *daːl, *daːds
    大
    忕
    太
    汰
    汏
    軑
    釱
    达
    杕

    Ideogram (指事): a person 人 with arms stretched out as far as possible, implying the meaning of big/great/large.

    Compare with 尢, which is a man with bent legs.

    Compare also 文, which is a man with arms outstretched and a crest or tattoo on his chest, and to 夭, which is a man with arms outstretched and leaning to side (running).

    Синоними:

    ...


    Хомофони:

    ...

    Хомографи:

    ...

    ХСК ниво:

    1-2,4-6

    Асоцијације:

    ...

    Изведене речи:

    ...


    Сродни чланци са Википедије:

    大


    Преводи

    • Енглески:
    • Француски:
    • Немачки:
    • Италијански:
    • Шпански:
    • Португалски:
    • Арапски:
    • Руски:
    • Српски:
    • Грчки:
    • Бугарски:
    • Шведски:

    Референце

    1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 撒母耳記上 5 章[1]

    Шаблон:Kateg

    Спољашње везе

    Претходна Страна Наредна

    夕 036 女 038

    Листа 大: 大

    Преузето из „https://sr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=大&oldid=673281”