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U+767D, 白
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-767D

[U+767C]
ЦЈК јединствени идеограми
[U+767E]
U+2F69, ⽩
KANGXI RADICAL WHITE

[U+2F68]
Канџи радикали
[U+2F6A]

Translingual

Редослед писања

Han character

(Kangxi radical 106, +0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹日 (HA), четири-угла 26000, composition丿)

  1. Кангци радикал #106, .

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 785, карактер 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 22678
  • Dae Jaweon: страна 1196, карактер 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: том 4, страна 2642, карактер 1
  • Unihan data за U+767D

Chinese

једн. and трад.

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Знакови у истом фонетском низу () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Стари Кинески

Unclear; probably a pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)).

Guo (1954) suggests that it represents a thumb and is original form of or, more probably, .

Alternatively, Unger (apud Schuessler, 2007) suggests that it represents an acorn, noting its use in (“oak”) (= ) and (“acorn”).

Etymology

STEDT derives it from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bawk (white), whence also Proto-Bodo-Garo *bok (white), Limbu (phô, white); also compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kɓɔɔk (white, grey).

However, Schuessler (2007) finds it difficult to reconcile these forms with Middle Chinese due to the lack of medial r. Instead, he proposes a derivation from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bar (white) with -k extension, thus cognate with (“white”) (Wang, 1982), Mizo vâr ((to be) white), Proto-Karen *ʔ(b)wa (white).

Pronunciation


Нота: bó - extremely limited in usage, sometimes used in the name Li Bai (李白).
Нота:
  • pah7 - vernacular;
  • pet6 - literary (e.g. 明白).
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Нота:
    • bā, bà - vernacular;
    • bà̤ - literary.
  • Min Dong
  • Нота:
    • băh - vernacular;
    • bĕk - literary.
  • Мин Нан
  • Нота:
    • pe̍h/pe̍eh - vernacular (standalone and in most compounds, surname);
    • pe̍k/pia̍k - literary (in a few compounds).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
  • Definitions

    1. white
        ―  bái  ―  white color
        ―  báichá  ―  white tea
    2. clear; easy to understand
        ―  míngbai  ―  clear, obvious
        ―  qiǎnbái  ―  simple
    3. clear; pure; plain; blank
        ―  báizhǐ  ―  a blank sheet of paper
        ―  báijuǎn  ―  blank exam paper
        ―  báishuǐ  ―  plain water
        ―  báizhōu  ―  plain congee
    4. bright; well-lit
    5. eminent; prominent
    6. vernacular
        ―  báihuà  ―  spoken language
    7. dialect
        ―  bái  ―  Suzhou dialect
        ―  jīngbái  ―  Beijing dialect
    8. Шаблон:zh-abbrev
    9. reactionary; anticommunist
        ―  báijūn  ―  The White army
        ―  bái  ―  The White area
      色恐怖  ―  báisèkǒngbù  ―  the White terror
    10. in vain; for nothing
      我們沒有我们没有  ―  Wǒmen méiyǒu bái máng.  ―  Our efforts were not in vain.
        ―  bái děng le.  ―  She waited in vain.
      他們沒有 [MSC, trad.]
      他们没有 [MSC, simp.]
      Tāmen de xuè méiyǒu bái liú. [Pinyin]
      Their blood was not shed in vain.
      所有工作 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
      Suǒyǒu de gōngzuò dōu bái zuò le. [Pinyin]
      All the work has been done for nothing.
      一趟一趟  ―  bái lái yītàng  ―  to come in vain; to come for nothing
      東西东西  ―  báigěi de dōngxi  ―  something given for nothing
    11. free of charge; gratuitous; gratis
      可以拿走蘋果 [MSC, trad.]
      可以拿走苹果 [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐ kěyǐ bái názǒu zhè xiē píngguǒ. [Pinyin]
      You can have these apples for free.
    12. to stare coldly; to stare at someone with the white of the eyes
      生氣一眼 [MSC, trad.]
      生气一眼 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā shēngqì de bái le tā yīyǎn. [Pinyin]
      She gave him an angry stare.
    13. to explain; to present; to state
        ―  bái  ―  explain oneself, confess
      開場开场  ―  kāichǎngbái  ―  preamble
        ―  biǎobái  ―  to explain oneself
        ―  biànbái  ―  to explain, to defend oneself
    14. to mispronounce or wrongly write a character
      老是讀破句 [MSC, trad.]
      老是读破句 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒ lǎoshì xiě bái zì dúpòjù. [Pinyin]
      I always mispronounce words and break my sentences up in the wrong places.
        ―  Wǒ bǎ zhè zì niàn bái le.  ―  I've mispronounced the character.
    15. spoken lines
        ―  niànbái  ―  spoken parts of a Chinese opera
        ―  dàobái  ―  spoken parts of a Chinese opera
        ―  bái  ―  monologue
        ―  duìbái  ―  dialogue
    16. funeral
      喜事喜事  ―  hóngbáixǐshì  ―  weddings and funerals
    17. A презиме​.. Bai
        ―  Bái Chóngxǐ  ―  Bai Chongxi
    18. () Bai, an ethnic group living primarily in Yunnan, China

    Synonyms

    Descendants

    Sino-Xenic ():

    Others:

    • Proto-Southwestern Tai: *pʰɯəkᴰ¹ᴸ
    • Proto-Vietic: *baːk
      • Вијетнамски: bạc
    • Вијетнамски: bệch (chalky; sickly white)

    Compounds

    See also

    References


    Japanese

    Kanji

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    Readings

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    しろ
    Степен: 1
    kun’yomi

    ⟨siro1 → */sirʷo//ɕiro/

    From Old Japanese.

    The standalone apophonic form of shira below.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (しろ) (shiro

    1. the color white
      Coordinate term: (kuro, black)
    2. (by extension) innocence
      Coordinate term: (kuro, guilt)
    3. (go) a white go stone
    4. something unwritten
    5. (colloquial) the white team in a 紅白 (kōhaku) group
    6. (colloquial) an unlicensed prostitute
    7. (colloquial) Short for (shirogane): silver
    8. (colloquial) Synonym of (shio): salt
    9. (colloquial) Short for 白書院 (shiroshoin): a specific kind of drawing room or study, using unpainted cedar wood with straight grain
    10. a type of もつ焼き (motsuyaki) made from pig intestines
    11. in the game of 人狼 (Jinrō, Werewolf; Mafia), one who is on the villagers' side
      Антоним: (kuro)
      確定白(かくていしろ)確白(かくしろ)
      kakutei-shiro kakushiro
      one who is certainly on the villagers' side
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    しら
    Степен: 1
    kun’yomi

    ⟨sira⟩/ɕira/

    From Old Japanese.

    The combining apophonic form of shiro above, mostly used in compounds.

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    (しら) (shira-

    1. Combining form of しろ (shiro) above:
      1. white
      2. undyed, unpainted, unseasoned, etc.
      3. pure
      4. innocent
      5. normal, unspecial
    Derived terms

    Adjective

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    1. unapplied, undecorated; also the object that is unapplied or undecorated
    2. honest, serious; also the person who is honest or serious
    3. normal, unspecial; also the person who is normal or unspecial in position, occupation, or condition
    Inflection
    Idioms

    Etymology 3

    Kanji in this term
    はく
    Степен: 1
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese .

    The 漢音 (kan'on, literally Han sound) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    (はく) (haku

    1. the color white
    2. Short for 白人 (hakujin): an amateur
    3. a performer's lines
      Синоним: 台詞 (serifu)
    4. (mahjong) a white dragon tile
      Синоним: 白板 (paipan)
      Hypernym: 三元牌 (sangenpai)
    5. (mahjong) a (yaku, winning hand) with a triplet or quad of white dragon tiles, worth 1 (han, double)
      Hypernym: 役牌 (yakuhai, yaku-pai)
    Coordinate terms

    Affix

    (はく) (haku

    1. white
    2. colorless, dirtless, markless
    3. bright and clear
    4. humbly say
    5. sake cup
    6. Short for 白居易 (Haku Kyoi): Bai Juyi
    Derived terms

    Etymology 4

    Kanji in this term
    びゃく
    Степен: 1
    goon

    From Middle Chinese .

    The 呉音 (goon, literally Wu sound) reading, so likely the original borrowing from Middle Chinese.

    Affix

    (びゃく) (byaku

    1. white
    Derived terms

    See also

    References

    1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. 2,0 2,1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean

    Etymology

    Ово entry недостаје етимолошких информација. Ако сте упознати са пореклом овог израза, додајте га на страницу etymology instructions. Такође можете да разговарате о томе Етимолошки текстови.

    Hanja

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    1. white

    Hanja

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    1. to tell, to inform

    See also


    Okinawan

    Etymology

    Cognate with Јапански (shiro, white).

    Noun

    (hiragana しるー, rōmaji shirū)

    1. white (color)
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    References

    • Okinawan-English Wordbook (Mitsugu Sakihara)

    Old Korean

    Etymology

    The first attested meaning is "to report to a superior", from which the generally honorific meaning developed, presumably via an intermediary circumlocutional construction which is not attested. The orthography is logogramic; see the Chinese entry's definitions, specifically “to explain; to present; to state”.

    Verb

    (*SOLPO-)

    1. to inform a superior; to report
      • c. 670, 廣德 (Gwangdeok), “願往生歌 (Wonwangsaeng-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
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    2. an auxiliary verb or suffix honoring the direct or indirect object of the main verb [from c. 865.]
      • 1120, King Yejong of Goryeo, “悼二將歌 (Doijang-ga)”, in 平山申氏系譜 (Pyeongsan Sin-ssi Gyebo) [Genealogy of the Pyeongsan Sin descent group]:
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    3. an auxiliary verb or suffix honoring the subject of the main verb
      • c. 1250, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Humane King Sutra:
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      Синоним: (*-si)

    Descendants

    • Middle Korean: ᄉᆞᆲ다 (solpta, to report to a superior)
      • Early Modern Korean: ᄉᆞᆯ오다 (solwota, to report to a superior)
        • Корејски: 사뢰다 (saroeda, to report to a superior)
      • Lua грешка in Модул:languages/doSubstitutions at line 75: Substitution data 'jje-translit' does not match an existing module..
    • Middle Korean: ᅀᆞᇦ (-zoW-, verbal honorific suffix for the direct or indirect object) (see there for further descendants)

    References

    • 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop), 이전경 (Yi Jeon-gyeong), 하귀녀 (Ha Gwi-nyeo), 이용 (Yi Yong), 박진호 (Park Jin-ho), 김성주 (Kim Seong-ju), 장경준 (Jang Gyeong-jun), 서민욱 (Seo Min-uk), 이지영 (Yi Ji-yeong), 서형국 (Seo Hyeong-guk). (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 168—169
    • 남풍현 (Nam Pung-hyeon) (2011), “古代韓國語의 謙讓法 助動詞 '白/ᄉᆞᆲ'과 '內/아'의 發達 [The development of the Old Korean humble auxiliary verbs '白 SOLP-' and '內 *A-']”, in Gugyeol Yeon'gu, volume 26, pages 131–166

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Việt readings: bạch-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn ((bạc)(mạch)(thiết))
    : Nôm readings: bạch-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn, bạc-tdcndg;gdhn, trắng-tdcndg

    1. (only in compounds) Hán tự form of bạch, “white
    2. Nôm form of bạc (silver).

    Compounds

    References



    Zhuang

    Verb

    1. Sawndip form of baeg (to be tired; to gasp)

    (кинески)

    Објашњење.
    Објашњење.

    Изговор:

    пинјин: bái  
    Аудио: (датотека)
    Шаблон:zh-cir

    Радикал:

    106

    Значења:

    1. бео
    2. узалуд

    Примери:

    1. бео: 这双鞋是白色,不是灰色。Ове ципеле су беле, нису сиве.
    2. узалуд: 这双鞋白买了,她穿有点儿小。Узалуд[1] купујеш ове ципеле, биће јој мале.
    3. 10 祭司要察看.皮上若長了白[2]癤、使毛變白[2]、在長白[2]癤之處有了紅瘀肉、
      1. 10 Jìsī yào chákàn. Pí shàng ruò zhǎngle bái jiē, shǐ máo biàn bái, zài zhǎngbái jiē zhī chù yǒule hóng yū ròu,
        1. 10. И свештеник нека га види; ако буде бео оток на кожи и длака буде побелела, ако би и здраво месо било на отоку,
          1. 4 Мој. 12:10, 4 Мој. 12:12, 2 Цар. 5:27, 2 Дн. 26:19, Лука 5:14, Лука 17:14

    Синоними:

    1. 白色
    2. 徒然


    ХСК ниво:

    Сродни чланци са Википедије:


    Преводи

    • Енглески:
    • Француски:
    • Немачки:
    • Италијански:
    • Шпански:
    • Португалски:
    • Грчки:
    • Бугарски:
    • Шведски:

    Референце

    1. Jin Zhigang, dr Radosav Pušić, Udžbenik kineskog jezika za drugu godinu studija, Beograd, 2004.
    2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 利未記 13 [1]

    Шаблон:Kateg3 Шаблон:Kateg Шаблон:119:010

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