し

Такође погледајте: じ, レ, и 乚

し U+3057, し HIRAGANA LETTER SI ← ざ [U+3056] Хирагана じ → [U+3058]

Јапански

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Изговор

• МФА^(кључ): [ɕi]

• Аудио

  (file)

Етимологија 1

Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 之 in the cursive sōsho style.

Syllable

し (romaji shi)

1. The hiragana syllable し (shi). Its equivalent in katakana is シ (shi). It is the twelfth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is さ行い段 (sa-gyō i-dan, “row sa, section i”).

Derived terms

• しゃ (sha), しゅ (shu), しょ (sho)
• じ (ji)

See also

• (Хирагана) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, ゆゅ, よょ, ら, り, る, れ, ろ, わゎ, ゐ, ゑ, を, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ

Етимологија 2

Particle

し (shi) 

1. conjunctive particle, separates items in a list of reasons
   • 1937, 夢野久作(ゆめのきゅうさく) (Yumeno Kyūsaku) [Yumeno Kyūsaku], 恐(おそ)ろしい東京(とうきょう) (Osoroshii Tōkyō)‎^[1]:

     見(み)渡(わた)す限(かぎ)り百(ひゃっ)貨(か)店(てん)みたいで、何処(どこ)で切(きっ)符(ぷ)を売(う)っているのかわからないし、プラットフォームらしいものもないので、間(まち)違(が)ったのかなと思(おも)って又(また)石(いし)段(だん)を上(のぼ)って見(み)ると、丸(まる)キリ知(し)らない繁(はん)華(か)な町(まち)である。

     Miwatasu kagiri hyakkaten mitai de, doko de kippu o utteiru no ka wakaranai shi, purattofōmu rashii mono mo nai no de, machigatta no ka na to omotte mata ishidan o nobottemiruto, marukiri shiranai hanka na machi de aru.

     What I could see looked like a department store, I had no idea where tickets were being sold, and there wasn't anything like a platform. Wondering if I haven't come to the wrong place I once again walked up the stone stairs and a bustling street I wasn't familiar with filled my vision.

   • けいおん！

     「でもでも、私(わたし)運(うん)動(どう)音(おん)痴(ち)だし、文(ぶん)化(か)系(けい)のクラブもよくわからないし…」

     “Demo demo, watashi undō onchi da shi, bunkakei no kurabu mo yoku wakaranai shi…”

     "But—but I'm terrible at sports and I don't really know anything about the cultural clubs…"

2. sentence-ending particle, indicating mild emphasis, and alluding to an inferable but deliberately omitted conclusion

   てかなんでやったし。

   Te ka nande yatta shi.

   But then, why did you do that [when you shouldn't have]?

Етимологија 3

Alternative spellings
此 是 之 維 惟

Cognate with demonstrative pronoun そ (so).

Pronoun

し (shi) 

1. third person personal pronoun; he, she, it
   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 904)

     夕星乃 由布弊尓奈礼婆 伊射祢余登 手乎多豆佐波里 父母毛 表者奈佐我利 三枝之 中尓乎祢牟登 愛久 志我可多良倍婆

     (молим додајте српски превод за ово usage example)

   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 19, poem 4191)

     鵜河立 取左牟安由能 之我波多波 吾等尓可伎无気 念之念婆

     (молим додајте српски превод за ово usage example)

   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 19, poem 4254)

     八隅知之 吾大皇 秋花 之我色々尓 見賜 明米多麻比 酒見附 榮流今日之 安夜尓貴左

     (молим додајте српски превод за ово usage example)

2. reflexive pronoun; one, oneself
   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 18, poem 4094)

     八十伴雄乎 麻都呂倍乃 牟気乃麻尓々々 老人毛 女童児毛 之我願 心太良比尓 撫賜 治賜婆

     (молим додајте српски превод за ово usage example)

   • c. 935: Tosa Nikki (day 24)

     廿四日。講師、むまのはなむけしにいでませり。ありとあるかみしも、わらはまでゑひしれて、一文字をだにしらぬもの、しがあしは十文字にふみてぞあそぶ。

     (молим додајте српски превод за ово usage example)

   • c. late 10th century: Ochikubo Monogatari (Volume 1)

     あなわかわかしの晝寢や。しが身のほど知らぬこそいと心憂けれ」とて、うちあざわらひ給ふ。

     (молим додајте српски превод за ово usage example)

Етимологија 4

За изговор и дефиниције од し – види 四, 詩, 死, 師, 仕, 市. (Овај појам, し, је an alternative spelling of the above Sino-Japanese terms.)

(Следећи уноси је нестворен: 四, 詩, 死, 師, 仕, 市.)

Етимологија 5

Suffix

し (-shi) 

1. (classical) The adnominal form of き (ki, past tense auxiliary).

   選(えら)ばれし者(もの)

   erabareshi mono

   the chosen one

   • 1994, 松任谷由実 (lyrics), 松任谷由実 (music), “春よ、来い”, performed by 松任谷由実:

     瞼(まぶた)閉(と)じればそこに　愛(あい)をくれし君(きみ)の　なつかしき声(こえ)がする

     mabuta tojireba soko ni ai o kureshi kimi no natsukashiki koe ga suru

     When I close my eyelids, I hear by my side the voice of beloved you who gave me love

Етимологија 6

From Стари Јапански. Not productive in modern usage.

Suffix

し (-shi) 

1. (classical) The 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or predicative form”) of the conjugable ending for 形容詞 (keiyōshi, “-i adjectives”).

Usage notes

• In Classical and Old Japanese, this is the terminal ending for both しく (shiku) adjectives (those ending in しい (-shii) in modern usage, such as 楽しい (tanoshii, “fun”)) and く (ku) adjectives (those ending in い (-i) in modern usage, such as 高い (takai, “high, tall; expensive”)).
• Meanwhile, in modern Japanese, the terminal ending and adnominal ending both manifest as い (i).

Examples:

Classical Terminal	Classical Adnominal	Modern Terminal / Adnominal
楽(たの)し (tanoshi) 高(たか)し (takashi)	楽(たの)しき (tanoshiki) 高(たか)き (takaki)	楽(たの)しい (tanoshii) 高(たか)い (takai)

Етимологија 7

Alternative spelling
為 (rare)

Verb

し (shi) 

1. stem or continuative form of する (suru)

References

• Fujii, Sadakazu; Keiji Inaga (1989) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 18: Ochikubo Monogatari, Sumiyoshi Monogatari (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
• Hasegawa, Masaharu; Yūichirō Imanishi, Hiroshi Itō, Hiroshi Yoshioka (1989) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 24: Tosa Nikki, Kagerō Nikki, Murasaki Shikibu Nikki, Sarashina Nikki (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
• Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.
• Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, →ISBN.