乙

Такође погледајте: 己, 之, Z, и ㇠

乙 U+4E59, 乙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E59 ← 乘 [U+4E58] ЦЈК јединствени идеограми 乚 → [U+4E5A]

⼄ U+2F04, ⼄ KANGXI RADICAL SECOND ← ⼃ [U+2F03] Канџи радикали ⼅ → [U+2F05]

међународни

Редослед писања

Хан карактер

乙 (Kangxi radical 5, 乙+0, 1 stroke, cangjie input 弓山 (NU), четири-угла 1771₀)

1. Кангци радикал #5, ⼄.

Изведени карактери

• Додатак:Кинески радикал/乙
• 亿, 𫤾, 𠮙, 𫭖, 𫰆, 𡴭, 𢒼, 忆, 𢩧, 㲸, 𣄻, 𣎷, 𪵖, 肊, 𤓱, 𥘆, 𥝎, 𬖋, 䎲, 𦨇, 𧈝, 𮚲, 𮛁, 𬨖, 釔(钇), 鳦, 𪐘
• 𠫕, 𠮞, 𣄽, 氹, 𢖮, 𧰦, 𫚮, 𪸍, 𠀂, 𠧒, 𡴯, 艺, 𢩥, 朰, 戹, 穵, 𩁶, 𫘸, 𤴥, 𬸺, 𡆠

Референце

• KangXi: page 83, карактер 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 161
• Dae Jaweon: страна 167, карактер 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 1, страна 47, карактер 4
• Unihan data за U+4E59

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Кинески

simp. and trad.		乙

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 乙
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (乙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
劜
札
扎
蚻
紮
軋
圠
穵
挖
鳦
耴
乙
肊

Unknown. Different ancient texts propose different origins.

• Pictogram (象形) – a developing plant (Shuowen).
• Pictogram (象形) – the intestine of a fish (Erya).
• Pictogram (象形) – the gill bone of a fish (Liji Zhengyi (《禮記正義》)

The character must not be confused with 𠃉 > 鳦.

Pronunciation

• Мандарин

  (Пинјин): yǐ (yi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ

• Кантонски (Jyutping): jyut³, jyut⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yet / yat

  (Meixian, Guangdong): yad⁵

• Min Bei (KCR): ĭ
• Min Dong (BUC): ék
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): it

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ig⁴

• Wu (Wiktionary): iq (T4)

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• Мандарин
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Пинјин: yǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yii
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǐ
    • Wade–Giles: i3
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /i²¹⁴/
• Кантонски
  • (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyut³, jyut⁶
    • Yale: yut, yuht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyt⁸, jyt⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yud³, yud⁶
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /jyːt̚³/, /jyːt̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yet
    • Hakka Romanization System: ied`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yad<sup>5</sup>
    • IPA: /i̯et̚²/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yat
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iad`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yad⁵
    • IPA: /(j)i̯at̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yad⁵
    • IPA: /iat̚¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /i²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ék
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛiʔ²⁴/
• Мин Нан
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: it
    • Tâi-lô: it
    • Phofsit Daibuun: id
    • МФА (Xiamen): /it̚³²/
    • МФА (Quanzhou): /it̚⁵/
    • МФА (Zhangzhou): /it̚³²/
    • МФА (Taipei): /it̚³²/
    • МФА (Kaohsiung): /it̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ig⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ik
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ik̚²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: iq (T4)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

乙

1. The second of the ten heavenly stems (天干 (tiāngān))
2. second; 2; B; II; beta (used for unnamed people or objects, to enumerate headings in a list, for grades, etc.)

   路人甲和路人乙  ―  lùrén jiǎ hé lùrén yǐ  ―  passerby A and passerby B

   他法語成績得了乙。 [MSC, trad.]
   他法语成绩得了乙。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā fǎyǔ chéngjī dé le yǐ. [Pinyin]

   He got a B in French.

   乙肝  ―  yǐgān  ―  hepatitis B

3. (chemistry) eth-; ethyl

   乙烷  ―  yǐwán  ―  ethane

4. the seventh scale degree in Gongche musical notation (工尺譜／工尺谱)
5. (literary, formal) one

   （公文）……加乙份。  ―  (gōngwén)...... Jiā yǐ fèn.  ―  (In official letters) …added one copy.

6. A презиме​..

Coordinate terms

• (heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Compounds

• 三氯乙烯
• 三氯乙烷
• 乙炔
• 乙烯
• 乙烷
• 乙等特考
• 乙覽／乙览
• 乙酸
• 乙醇

• 乙醚
• 勾乙
• 圖乙／图乙
• 塗乙／涂乙
• 太乙
• 太乙數／太乙数
• 太乙神針／太乙神针
• 小乙
• 左乙

• 某乙
• 氯乙烯
• 甲乙
• 聚乙烯
• 聚苯乙烯
• 苯乙烯
• 越鳧楚乙／越凫楚乙
• 鳧乙／凫乙

See also

• 天干 (tiāngān) The Heavenly Stems.
• 工尺譜／工尺谱 The Gongche notation

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Јапански

Kanji

乙

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: おつ (otsu, Jōyō); おち (ochi)
• Kan-on: いつ (itsu)
• Kun: きのと (kinoto, 乙); おと (oto, 乙)

Compounds

Compounds

• 乙(おと)子(ご) (otogo)
• 乙(おつ)種(しゅ) (otsushu)
• 乙(おつ)巡(じゅん) (otsujun)
• 乙(おと)女(め) (otome)
• 乙(おと)姫(ひめ) (otohime)
• 乙(いつ)夜(や) (itsuya), 乙(おつ)夜(や) (otsuya)

Etymology 1

Kanji за овај терм
乙
おつ Степен: S
on’yomi

Originally from Средњи Кинески 乙, arising from the proper noun sense. Appears in texts from at least 833 CE.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) お​つ [óꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • МФА^(кључ): [o̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Proper noun

乙(おつ) (otsu) 

1. the second of the ten Celestial Stems

Noun

乙(おつ) (otsu) 

1. something B
   1. the second item of any ordered list
   2. (music) one tone lower than the note indicated by 甲 (kō, “something A”)
   3. (by extension from the musical sense) a lower, sonorous and moving sound or tone
   4. (noh theatre) in noh musical accompaniment, a specific kind of muffled drum beat played by striking the head of the taiko drum and keeping the mallet pressed against the head
2. (Kansai dialect, slang) a stupid person, someone who is slow on the uptake
3. (rare, possibly archaic) the state or circumstances of a thing
4. (rare, possibly archaic) dressing up in an odd fashion

Etymology 2

Kanji за овај терм
乙
おつ Степен: S
on’yomi

By extension from the moving tone noun sense. Appears in texts from the late Edo period, in the early 1800s.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) おつ [òtsú] (Heiban – [0])
  • МФА^(кључ): [o̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Adjective

乙(おつ) (otsu) -na (adnominal 乙(おつ)な (otsu na), adverbial 乙(おつ)に (otsu ni))

1. out of the ordinary, strange or unusual in an interesting or stylish way
2. strange, odd, weird
   • :ja:東海道中膝栗毛 (Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige, “Footing It along the Tokaido Road”, or “Shank's Mare”), serial published 1802-1814:

     ヲヤ弥(や)次(じ)さん、おつな手(て)つきをしておめへ何(なに)をする

     Oya Yaji-san, otsu na tetsuki o shite omē nani o suru

     Oy, Yaji, what do you think you're doing with your weird way of using your hands?

Inflection

Inflection of 乙

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	乙だろ	おつだろ	otsu daro
Continuative (連用形)	乙で	おつで	otsu de
Terminal (終止形)	乙だ	おつだ	otsu da
Attributive (連体形)	乙な	おつな	otsu na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	乙なら	おつなら	otsu nara
Imperative (命令形)	乙であれ	おつであれ	otsu de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	乙ではない 乙じゃない	おつではない おつじゃない	otsu de wa nai otsu ja nai
Informal past	乙だった	おつだった	otsu datta
Informal negative past	乙ではなかった 乙じゃなかった	おつではなかった おつじゃなかった	otsu de wa nakatta otsu ja nakatta
Formal	乙です	おつです	otsu desu
Formal negative	乙ではありません 乙じゃありません	おつではありません おつじゃありません	otsu de wa arimasen otsu ja arimasen
Formal past	乙でした	おつでした	otsu deshita
Formal negative past	乙ではありませんでした 乙じゃありませんでした	おつではありませんでした おつじゃありませんでした	otsu de wa arimasen deshita otsu ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	乙で	おつで	otsu de
Conditional	乙なら（ば）	おつなら（ば）	otsu nara (ba)
Provisional	乙だったら	おつだったら	otsu dattara
Volitional	乙だろう	おつだろう	otsu darō
Adverbial	乙に	おつに	otsu ni
Degree	乙さ	おつさ	otsusa

Etymology 3

Kanji за овај терм
乙
おつ Степен: S
on’yomi

Derived as aggressive clipping of お疲れ様です (otsukaresama desu, used as a kind of greeting at work, literally “that's honorable exhaustion (from hard work)”). The use of 乙 for the spelling is an example of phonetic ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • МФА^(кључ): [o̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Interjection

乙(おつ) (otsu) 

1. (Internet slang) Clipping of お疲れ様です (otsukaresama desu).

Derived terms

• うp乙(おつ) (upotsu), うぽつ (upotsu)

Etymology 4

Kanji за овај терм
乙
きのと Степен: S
kun’yomi

Compound of 木 (Ki, “Wood”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 弟 (oto, “younger brother”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) きの​と [kìnóꜜtò] (Nakadaka – [2])
  • МФА^(кључ): [kʲino̞to̞]

Proper noun

乙(きのと) (kinoto) 

1. the second of the ten Heavenly Stems

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Корејски

Hanja

乙 (eumhun 새 을 (sae eul))

1. Овај израз захтева дефиницију. Молим вас помозите и додајте превод, затим уклоните текст {{rfdef}}.

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 乙

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Middle Korean

Particle

乙 (-ol)

1. Idu script spelling of ᄋᆞᆯ (-ol, accusative case marker)
   • 1395, 高士褧 (Go Sa-gyeong), 大明律直解 (Daemyeongnyul Jikhae) [Correct Translation of the Great Ming Code]:

     本國乙背叛

     PWON.KWUK-ul POY.PAN

     Betray his native country

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Old Korean

Etymology 1

From a Late Middle Chinese pronunciation of 乙, which lenited coda /-t/ to /-r/.

Phonogram

乙 (*-r)

1. A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-r

Usage notes

Generally believed to have been pronounced as *-r, based both on internal evidence and the Chinese etymon. Old Korean 尸 (*-l) and 乙 (*-r) both merged unconditionally into *-l in Middle Korean, but the two phonograms were consistently distinguished in Old Korean until the late thirteenth century. Because Old Korean reconstructions are conventionally romanized using their Middle Korean reflex, the phonologically erroneous reconstruction *-l is often used as a shorthand.

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• 肹 (*-(u)r, *-hur)

Particle

乙 (*-(u)r)

1. Accusative case marker
   • 1120, King Yejong of Goryeo, “悼二將歌 (Doijang-ga)”, in 平山申氏系譜 (Pyeongsan Sin-ssi Gyebo) [Genealogy of the Pyeongsan Sin descent group]:

     主乙完乎白乎心聞

     as for the heart that admired his lord

Usage notes

In Middle and Modern Korean, the allomorph taken by the accusative marker after a vowel may be 를 (-reul) instead of ㄹ (-l), especially in formal speech. This is the result of reduplication of the particle and is unlikely to have been present in Old Korean, although the phonologically opaque nature of the orthography makes it difficult to tell for sure.

In "Middle Old Korean", the late first-millennium stage of Korean represented by about a dozen mostly eighth-century poems, the accusative particle was consistently written with the phonogram 肹. 乙 has become dominant by the twelve poems of the tenth-century monk Gyunyeo, however, and 肹 is virtually not attested at all by the second millennium. There seems to be no semantic difference involved. Whether this represents a phonetic shift or simply a change in orthographic practice is unknown, although 肹 and 乙 had differing Middle Chinese initials.

Descendants

• Middle Korean: ᄋᆞᆯ/을 (-(o/u)l, accusative marker)
  • Корејски: 을 (-eul, accusative case marker)

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Вијетнамски

Han character

1. Овај израз захтева дефиницију. Молим вас помозите и додајте превод, затим уклоните текст {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation

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乙 (кинески)

Објашњење.

Изговор:

пинјин: yǐ  

Аудио:

noicon

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

⼄ 5

Значења:

...

Примери:

...

Синоними:

...

Хомофони:

...

Хомографи:

...

ХСК ниво:

...

Асоцијације:

...

Изведене речи:

1. 三氯乙烯
2. 三氯乙烷
3. 乙炔 (yǐquē)
4. 乙烯 (yǐxī)
5. 乙烷 (yǐwán)
6. 乙等特考
7. 乙覽／乙览
8. 乙酸 (yǐsuān)
9. 乙醇 (yǐchún)
10. 乙醚 (yǐmí)
11. 勾乙
12. 圖乙／图乙
13. 塗乙／涂乙
14. 太乙
15. 太乙數／太乙数
16. 太乙神針／太乙神针
17. 小乙
18. 左乙
19. 某乙
20. 氯乙烯 (lǜyǐxī)
21. 甲乙
22. 聚乙烯
23. 聚苯乙烯
24. 苯乙烯
25. 越鳧楚乙／越凫楚乙
26. 鳧乙／凫乙

Сродни чланци са Википедије:

乙

Преводи

Енглески: [1] second ☞en Француски: [1] second ☞fr Немачки: Италијански: Шпански: Португалски: Тамилски: [1] பி ☞ta

Арапски: Руски: Српски: [1] други ☞sr Грчки: Бугарски: Шведски: Грузијски: [1] Ⴁ ☞ka

Спољашње везе

• [archchinese.com [1]]
• [lexilogos.com[2]]
• [2F04 [3]]
• [zdic.net [4]]
• [2612 [5]] 2611 2613

Претходна Страна Наредна

• 1 一 1 丨 2 丶 3 丿 4 ⼄ 5 亅 6

丿 004 0 亅 006 00

Суфикс

• • 一乙 1 丨乙 2 丶乙 3 丿乙 4 乙乙 5 亅乙 6

Префикс

• • 乙一 1 乙丨 2 乙丶 3 乙丿 4 乙乙 5 乙亅 6

Четири квадрата

${}_{0}^{0}\!\Omega _{5}^{0}$ ${}_{1}^{6}\!\Delta _{4}^{2}+{}_{0}^{0}\!\nabla _{0}^{0}={}_{1}^{1}\!\mathbb {Q} _{7}^{7}0-{}_{0}^{0}\!\S _{0}^{0}$

• ⼄ 00 乚 01 乛 02 乜 03 九 04 乞 05 也 06 习 07 乡 08 乢 09 乣 10 乤 11 乥 12 书 13 乧 14 乨 15 乩 16 乪 17 乫 18 乬 19 乭 20 乮 21 乯 22 买 23 乱 24 乲 25 乳 26 乴 27 乵 28 乶 29 乷 30 乸 31 乹 32 乺 33 乻 34 乼 35 乽 36 乾 37 乿 38 亀 39 亁 40 亂 41 亃 42 亄 43