明

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明	U+660E, 明 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-660E

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Han character

明 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 日月 (AB), четири-угла 6702₀, composition ⿰日月)

Derived characters

𢜠, 𣷠, 𦁠, 𨧹, 䳟, 𢜏, 焽, 琞, 㿢, 盟, 曌, 奛, 朚, 萌, 奣, 𡦀, 𣇵, 𥯋

References

KangXi: page 491, карактер 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 13805
Dae Jaweon: страна 852, карактер 18
Hanyu Da Zidian: том 2, страна 1491, карактер 8
Unihan data за U+660E

Кинески

simp. and trad.		明
alternative forms		朙眀几𤰾𣇱

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 明
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)		Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Ancient script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (明) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
莔
明
盟
萌
奣

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 日 (“sun”) + 月 (“moon”) – the sun just rising and the moon not yet set – dawn (天明). Alternatively, it may be interpreted as two bright celestial bodies – bright. This form was already found in the oracle bone script and was prevalent throughout the eras.

Three other forms were found in the oracle bone script:

朙 < 囧 (“window”) + 月 – the moon shining through a window – moonlight. This form was also prevalent in the ancient scripts and was considered to be the standard form in Shuowen. See this form's entry for its historical forms.
眀 < 目 (“eye”) + 月 – bright eyes. This form was rarely attested, so it is still uncertain whether this form is actually equivalent to 明. It reappeared in the bamboo script of the Qin dynasty, but this was probably a corruption of 朙.
𤰾 < 田 + 月 – probably a corruption of the above forms.

Etymology

Of either Proto-Sino-Tibetan origin, compare

Тибетански མདངས (mdangs, “facial color, appearance, brightness”) (Bodman, 1980), or
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brwaŋ (“loud; bright”) (STDET); making it cognate with Бурмански ပြင်း (prang:, “acute; violent”), Бурмански ပြောင် (praung, “to shine”).

Or from Austroasiatic, cognate with 亮 (“bright”) (Schuessler, 2007). For more see 亮.

盟 (“covenant”) is a derivative (Schuessler, 2007).

“Akira”: Orthographic borrowing од Јапански 明(あきら) (akira).

Pronunciation

Мандарин
(Стандард)
(Пинјин): míng (ming²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˊ

(Chengdu, SP): min²
Кантонски
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): ming⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): men³
Ган (Викиречник): min⁴ / miang⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mìn / miàng / màng

(Meixian, Guangdong): min² / miang²
Jin (Wiktionary): ming¹
Min Bei (KCR): mâng / mêng
Min Dong (BUC): màng / mìng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): bêng / bîn / miâ / mê / mêe / mî / môa / mâ

(Teochew, Peng'im): mêng⁵ / mê⁵ / mia⁵ / man³ / muan³
Wu (Wiktionary): men (T3); min (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): min²

Мандарин
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Пинјин: míng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ming
  - Tongyong Pinyin: míng
  - Wade–Giles: ming²
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /miŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
  - Пинјин: míngr
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊㄦ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miengl
  - Tongyong Pinyin: míngr
  - Wade–Giles: mingrh²
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /miɤ̯̃ɻ³⁵/
  - Хомофони:
    [Покажи/Сакриј]
    ^унос
    ^edit
    名兒／名儿
    明兒／明儿

Нота: míngr - "tomorrow".

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: min²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: min
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /min²¹/
Кантонски
- (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ming⁴
  - Yale: mìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ming⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ming⁴
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /mɪŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Викиречник: men³
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /ᵐben²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: min⁴ / miang⁴
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /min³⁵/, /miaŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mìn / miàng / màng
  - Hakka Romanization System: minˇ / miangˇ / mangˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: min² / miang² / mang²
  - IPA: /min¹¹/, /mi̯aŋ¹¹/, /maŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: min² / miang²
  - IPA: /min¹¹/, /miaŋ¹¹/

Нота:

mìn - literary;
miàng, màng - vernacular.

Jin

(Taiyuan)⁺
- Викиречник: ming¹
- Sinological МФА (old-style): /mĩŋ¹¹/

Min Bei

(Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mâng / mêng
- Sinological МФА ^(key): /maŋ³³/, /meiŋ³³/

Min Dong

(Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: màng / mìng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ⁵³/, /miŋ⁵³/

Нота:

màng - vernacular;
mìng - literary.

Мин Нан

(Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng
- Tâi-lô: bîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: beeng
- МФА (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ²³/
- МФА (Penang): /beŋ²³/
- МФА (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³/
- МФА (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /biɪŋ²⁴/
(Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn
- Tâi-lô: bîn
- Phofsit Daibuun: biin
- МФА (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /bin²⁴/
- МФА (Kaohsiung): /bin²³/
- МФА (Zhangzhou): /bin¹³/
(Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: miâ
- Tâi-lô: miâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: miaa
- МФА (Zhangzhou): /miã¹³/
- МФА (Kaohsiung): /miã²³/
- МФА (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /miã²⁴/
(Hokkien: Xiamen, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mê
- Tâi-lô: mê
- Phofsit Daibuun: mee
- МФА (Kaohsiung): /mẽ²³/
- МФА (Xiamen, Yilan, Tainan): /mẽ²⁴/
(Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mêe
- Tâi-lô: mêe
- МФА (Penang): /mɛ²³/
- МФА (Zhangzhou): /mɛ̃¹³/
(Hokkien: Tainan, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mî
- Tâi-lô: mî
- Phofsit Daibuun: mii
- МФА (Tainan): /mĩ²⁴/
(Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: môa
- Tâi-lô: muâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: moaa
- МФА (Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang): /muã²⁴/
(Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mâ
- Tâi-lô: mâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: maa
- МФА (Kaohsiung): /mã²³/
- МФА (Taipei): /mã²⁴/

Нота:

bêng - literary;
bîn, miâ - vernacular;
mê/mêe/mî/môa/mâ - vernacular (limited, e.g. 明年).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: mêng⁵ / mê⁵ / mia⁵ / man³ / muan³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mêng / mê / miâ / màⁿ / muàⁿ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /meŋ⁵⁵/, /me⁵⁵/, /mia⁵⁵/, /mã²¹³/, /mũã²¹³/

Нота:

mêng5 - literary;
mê5 - vernacular (limited, e.g. 明年);
man3, muan3 - vernacular (limited, e.g. 明起);
mia5 - vernacular (limited, e.g. 松柏明 (sêng5 bêh4 mia5, “pine torch”)).

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: men (T3); min (T3)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /məɲ²³/, /mɪɲ²³/

Нота:

3men - vernacular;
3min - literary.

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: min²
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /min¹³/

Definitions

明

bright; light; brilliant
明月 ― míngyuè ― splendid moon
- 東方未明，顛倒衣裳。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  东方未明，颠倒衣裳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Dōngfāng wèimíng, diāndǎo yīcháng. [Pinyin]
  Before the east was bright,
  I was putting on my clothes upside down;
clear; limpid (transparent; light-conducting; not obscured)
窗明几淨 / 窗明几净 ― chuāngmíngjījìng ― a neat place (literally, "the window is clear, the desk is clean")
manifest; apparent (easily seen, perceived, or detected)
明顯 / 明显 ― míngxiǎn ― obvious

明瞭 / 明了 ― míngliǎo ― apparent; simple and clear

明槍易躲，暗箭難防 [MSC, trad.]
明枪易躲，暗箭难防 [MSC, simp.]
míng qiāng yì duǒ, ànjiàn nán fáng [Pinyin]
It is easy to dodge an open attack, but difficult to defend against a concealed one.
vision; sight (the ability to see)
失明 ― shīmíng ― to be blind; to lose eyesight
- 明足以察秋毫之末，而不見輿薪。 [MSC, trad.]
  明足以察秋毫之末，而不见舆薪。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: Mencius-L
  Míng zúyǐ chá qiūháo zhī mò, ér bùjiàn yúxīn. [Pinyin]
  [M]y eyesight is sharp enough to examine the point of an autumn hair, but I do not see a cart-load of firewood.
(of vision) acute; sharp; keen
耳聰目明 / 耳聪目明 ― ěrcōngmùmíng ― sharp at hearing and vision
(figuratively) intellect; knowledge; judgement; discernment; sensibility
無明 / 无明 ― wúmíng ― ignorance
(figuratively) intelligent; sensible; informed; wise
明智 ― míngzhì ― wise; sensible

英明 ― yīngmíng ― wise
- 王之不明，豈足福哉！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  王之不明，岂足福哉！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, circa 91 BCE
  Wáng zhī bùmíng, qǐ zú fú zāi! [Pinyin]
  How can a monarch's lack of judgement be a blessing? (Literally, "That the monarch is not wise, how can this amount to a blessing?")
to understand; to know
講明 / 讲明 ― jiǎngmíng ― to explain

明事理 ― míngshìlǐ ― sensible; capable

你唔明一定要出聲。 [Cantonese, trad.]
你唔明一定要出声。 [Cantonese, simp.]
nei⁵ m⁴ ming⁴ jat¹ ding⁶ jiu³ ceot¹ seng¹. [Jyutping]
If you don't understand you must speak up.

我真係唔係好明點解（……） [Cantonese, trad.]
我真系唔系好明点解（……） [Cantonese, simp.]
ngo⁵ zan¹ hai⁶ m⁴ hai⁶ hou² ming⁴ dim² gaai² (......) [Jyutping]
I really don't get why (…)
evidently
明知故問 / 明知故问 ― míngzhīgùwèn ― to ask intentionally a question one already knows the answer to
(literary) to make known
開宗明義 / 开宗明义 ― kāizōngmíngyì ― to make clear the main idea at the beginning in one's speech or writing
- 古之欲明明德於天下者，先治其國。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, circa 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Gǔ zhī yù míng míngdé yú tiānxià zhě, xiān zhì qí guó. [Pinyin]
  The ancients who wished to illustrate illustrious virtue throughout the kingdom, first ordered well their own states.
next; following
明天 ― míngtiān ― tomorrow

明年 ― míngnián ― next year or the following year

今冬明春 ― jīn dōng míng chūn ― this winter and next spring
(literary) tomorrow
- 明當渡京水，昨晚猶金谷。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  明当渡京水，昨晚犹金谷。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 721, Wang Wei, 宿鄭州
  Míng dāng dù Jīngshuǐ, zuówǎn yóu Jīngǔ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
(～朝) Ming dynasty
A презиме., listed as #111 on the Baijiaxing
(～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 明

Compounds

Изведени термини од 明

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (明):

Japanese: 明(みょう) (myō); 明(めい) (mei); 明(みん) (Min)
Korean: 명 (明, Myeong)
Vietnamese: minh (明)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01784

Јапански

Kanji

Погледајте такође:

Категорија:Јапански термини који се пишу са 明

明

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: みょう (myō, Jōyō)^{←みやう (myau, historical)}
Kan-on: めい (mei, Jōyō)
Tō-on: みん (min)
Kun: あかり (akari, 明かり, Jōyō); あかるい (akarui, 明るい, Jōyō); あかるむ (akarumu, 明るむ, Jōyō); あからむ (akaramu, 明らむ, Jōyō); あきらか (akiraka, 明らか, Jōyō); あける (akeru, 明ける, Jōyō); あく (aku, 明く, Jōyō); あくる (akuru, 明くる, Jōyō); あかす (akasu, 明かす, Jōyō)
Nanori: あ (a); あか (aka); あかり (akari); あかる (akaru); あき (aki); あきら (akira); あけ (ake); あける (akeru); きよし (kiyoshi); くに (kuni); さとし (satoshi); てる (teru); とおる (tōru); とし (toshi); なお (nao); のり (nori); はじめ (hajime); はる (haru); ひろ (hiro); み (mi); みつ (mitsu); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji за овај терм
明
めい Степен: 2
kan’on

From Средњи Кинески 明.

The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Средњи Кинески.

Affix

明(めい) (mei)

Derived terms

Noun

明(めい) (mei)

Etymology 2

Kanji за овај терм
明
みょう Степен: 2
goon

/mʲau/ → /mʲɔː/ → /mʲoː/

From Средњи Кинески 明.

The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the earlier borrowing from Средњи Кинески.

The Buddhist senses are a translation of Санскрт विद्या (vidyā, “knowledge, wisdom”).^[1]

Affix

明(みょう) (myō) ^{←みやう (myau)^?}

bright
light, lamp
clarifying
passing to the next in time
graceful, respectful
(Buddhism) passing of knowledge, scholarship, or study

Derived terms

Noun

明(みょう) (myō) ^{←みやう (myau)^?}

(Buddhism) knowledge or wisdom that dispels the darkness of ignorance and brings to the realization of truth; enlightenment
(Buddhism) an esoteric mantra

Adnominal

明(みょう) (myō) ^{←みやう (myau)^?}

this coming...

Etymology 3

Kanji за овај терм
明
みん Степен: 2
tōon

Јапански Википедија има чланак на:

明

Википедија ^ja

Википедија има чланак на:

Ming dynasty

Википедија

From Мандарин 明 (míng).

The 唐音 (tōon, literally “Tang sound”), so likely this reading was borrowed from around the Song dynasty.

Proper noun

明(みん) (min)

the Ming dynasty (1368-1644)

Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji за овај терм
明
さや Степен: 2
Irregular

За изговор и дефиниције од 明 – види さや. (Овај појам, 明, је an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

(Следећи унос је нестворен: さや.)

Etymology 5

Kanji за овај терм
明
あき(ら) Степен: 2
nanori

Nominalization of the stem of adjective 明らか (akiraka, “clear, visible”).

Proper noun

明(あきら) (akira)

a male given name

References

↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Корејски

Hanja

明 (eumhun 밝을 명 (balgeul myeong))

Hanja form^? of 명 (“bright”).

Kunigami

Kanji

明

Kun: はか゚い (明か゚い, hakai)

Miyako

Kanji

明

Kun: あかーㇲ゙ (明かーㇲ゙, akaaz)

Okinawan

Kanji

明

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

On: みー (mī)
Kun: あかい (akai, 明かい)

Compounds

清 (しー)明 (みー) (shīmī)
聡 (すー)明 (みー) (sūmī)

Вијетнамски

Han character

明: Hán Việt readings: minh-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn (眉(mi)兵(binh)切(thiết))
明: Nôm readings: mừng-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;btcn;taberd, minh-tdcntd;taberd, mầng-tdcntd;taberd, miêng-gdhn;taberd, mênh-gdhn

Hán tự form of minh, “bright; clear”
Hán tự form of Minh, “given name”
Nôm form of mừng.

Compounds

References

Yaeyama

Kanji

明

Kun: あかりぃ (明かりぃ, akarï)

Yonaguni

Kanji

明

Kun: あがい (明がい, agai)

明 (кинески)

Карактер 明.

Изговор:

пинјин: míng

Аудио:

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

日 072₀₄₁

Значења:

светао
следећи

Примери:

那些商店灯光明亮。 Светла оних радњи светле.
我实在不明白。Ја заиста не разумем.
你明年去美国吗? Идеш ли следеће године у Америку?
谁是你最喜爱的电视明星？ Ко је твоја омиљена ТВ звезда?
这明显太贵了。Ово је очигледно прескупо.

„Исус Навин, глава 18”
—
4 你們每支派當選舉三個人、我要打發他們去、他們就要起身走遍那地、按著各支派應得的地業寫明^[1]．〔或作畫圖〕就回到我這裡來。
4 Nǐmen měi zhīpài dāng xuǎnjǔ sān gèrén, wǒ yào dǎfā tāmen qù, tāmen jiù yào qǐshēn zǒu biàn nà de, ànzhe gè zhīpài yīng dé dì dì yè xiě míng.〔Huò zuò huàtú〕 jiù huí dào wǒ zhèlǐ lái.
4. Изаберите између себе по три човека из сваког племена, па нека се дигну и прођу земљу, и нека је препишу на наследства своја, па онда нека дођу к мени.
Мих. 2:5
3 5

Синоними:

亮

Хомофони:

名 - име, познат

Хомографи:

...

ХСК ниво:

1

Асоцијације:

...

Изведене речи:

光明 guāngmíng - светао
明亮 míngliàng - светао
明白 míngbái - разумети, схватити
明天 míngtiān - сутра
明年 míngnián - следеће године
明星 míngxīng - звезда
明显 míngxiǎn - очигледно; објашњење, објаснити
明信片 míngxìnpiàn - разгледица

Сродни чланци са Википедије:

明

Преводи

Енглески:

Француски:

Немачки:

Италијански:

Шпански:

Португалски:

Арапски:

Руски:

Српски:

Грчки:

Бугарски:

Шведски:

Референце

↑ 約書亞記 18 章 [1]

Спољашње везе

[71[2]] 70 72
linedictionary.naver.com

[1] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[2] 約書亞記 18 章 [1]

[1]

[1]

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Warring States period 戰國／战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 CE	Western Han 西漢／西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國／三国	220 – 280 CE	Wei 魏
		Shu 蜀
		Wu 吳／吴
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 CE	Western Jin 西晉／西晋
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 CE	Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 CE	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊／北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊／南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 CE
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国	907 – 960 CE
Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 CE
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 CE	Northern Song 北宋
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 CE	Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 CE
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 CE
Western Liao 西遼／西辽	1124 – 1218 CE
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 CE
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 CE
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 CE

明

међународни

Han character

Derived characters

References

Кинески

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

See also

Compounds

Descendants

References

Јапански

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Affix

Derived terms

Noun

Etymology 2

Affix

Derived terms

Noun

Adnominal

Etymology 3

Proper noun

Derived terms

Etymology 4

Etymology 5

Proper noun

References

Корејски

Hanja

Kunigami

Kanji

Miyako

Kanji

Okinawan

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Вијетнамски

Han character

Compounds

References

Yaeyama

Kanji

Yonaguni

Kanji

明 (кинески)

Преводи

Референце

Спољашње везе

Мени за навигацију

Претрага