肉

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肉 U+8089, 肉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8089 ← 肈 [U+8088] CJK Unified Ideographs 肊 → [U+808A]

⾁ U+2F81, ⾁ KANGXI RADICAL MEAT ← ⾀ [U+2F80] Kangxi Radicals ⾂ → [U+2F82]

међународно

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Alternative forms

• ⺼ U+2EBC (when used as a left Chinese radical in compositions)

The left component form ⺼ looks very similar to ⺝, the left radical form of 月 (“moon”), and is often drawn identically in compounds. However they are etymologically distinct, and careful usage distinguishes the cross strokes, with ⺼ written with unattached diagonal strokes. This is particularly an issue in looking up characters by radical; compare 月 index and 肉 index.

The radical form ⺼ may also appear twisted to a diagonal, resembling 夕 with an added line, as in 祭, 然, and 將.

Han character

肉 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人月人 (OBO), четири-угла 4022₇, composition ⿵内人 or ⿻冂仌)

1. Кангци радикал #130, ⾁.

Derived characters

• Додатак:Кинески радикал/肉
• 𪠼, 𢫭, 𭸆, 𨹌, 朒, 𣧻, 𧻣, 𩣀, 䯐, 𩶩, 𨛇, 𦧘, 𭑶, 𠒯, 𫻯, 𭃘, 𡱎, 𢩌, 𥭊, 𨿇, 𩬳, 𪗌, 瘸, 𤻚
• 將 (top right component)
• 祭 (top left component)

References

• KangXi: page 973, карактер 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 29236
• Dae Jaweon: страна 1424, карактер 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 5, страна 2931, карактер 1
• Unihan data за U+8089

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Кинески

једн. and трад.		肉
alternative forms		宍 𥤬 𠕜 𡧢 𠕎 宍 𥤬 𠕜 𡧢 𠕎 𮌇

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 肉
Shang	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)	Libian (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts	Clerical script

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (肉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
朒
肉

Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) – ribs of an animal’s torso or simply a physical representation of a slice of meat.

Etymology 1

Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *now (“tender; soft”), which has also been compared to 柔 (“soft; flexible”), 揉 (“to knead”), 軟 (“soft”), 弱 (“weak”), 懦 (“cowardly”), 荏 (“weak”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nja-k (“meat, flesh”) (STEDT).

Definitions

肉

1. meat; flesh

   豬肉／猪肉  ―  zhūròu  ―  pork

   牛肉  ―  niúròu  ―  beef

   我從不吃肉。／我从不吃肉。  ―  Wǒ cóngbù chī ròu.  ―  I never eat meat.

   這種魚的肉異常鮮美。 [MSC, trad.]
   这种鱼的肉异常鲜美。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè zhǒng yú dí ròu yìcháng xiānměi. [Pinyin]

   The flesh of this kind of fish has exceptional delicacy.

   不久，鬣狗便可飽餐一頓這些死了的動物的肉。 [MSC, trad.]
   不久，鬣狗便可饱餐一顿这些死了的动物的肉。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bùjiǔ, liègǒu biànkě bǎocānyīdùn zhèxiē sǐ liǎo dí dòngwù dí ròu. [Pinyin]

   Soon, the hyenas could then feast on the flesh of these dead animals.

   • 斷竹，續竹，飛土，逐宍 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     断竹，续竹，飞土，逐宍 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 彈歌／弹歌

     duàn zhú, xù zhú, fēi tǔ, zhú ròu [Pinyin]

     cut the bamboo, tie the bamboo [weapon], let fly the mud [bullets], pursue the meat

2. (specifically) pork

   肉三鮮的餃子／肉三鲜的饺子  ―  ròusānxiān dí jiǎozi  ―  three delicious ingredient pork dumpling

   蒜薹炒肉  ―  suàntái chǎo ròu  ―  garlic chive and pork stir-fry

3. body

   肉體／肉体  ―  ròutǐ  ―  physical body

4. flesh; pulp

   這桃子肉味甜汁多。 [MSC, trad.]
   这桃子肉味甜汁多。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè táozi ròu wèi tián zhī duō. [Pinyin]

   The flesh of the peach was sweet and juicy.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (肉):

• → Јапански: 肉(にく) (niku)
• → Корејски: 육(肉) (yuk)
• → Вијетнамски: nhục (肉)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ròu (rou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄡˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ròu
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ròu
    • Wade–Giles: jou⁴
    • Yale: ròu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: row
    • Palladius: жоу (žou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐoʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jau⁶
    • Yale: yauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²²/

Definitions

肉

1. (archaic) edge; brim; an outer part of a ring-shaped object (such as coin or jade annulus)

   • 肉倍好謂之璧 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     肉倍好谓之璧 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Erya, 5^th – 2^nd century BCE

     ròu bèi hǎo wèi zhī bì [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (archaic, of sound and music) rich; substantial

   • 使其曲直繁瘠，廉肉節奏，足以感動人之善心而已矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     使其曲直繁瘠，廉肉节奏，足以感动人之善心而已矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Shǐ qí qūzhí fánjí, liánròu jiézòu, zúyǐ gǎndòng rén zhī shànxīn ér yǐyǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. (dialectal Mandarin) spongy; squashy; flabby

   這西瓜瓤兒太肉了。 [MSC, trad.]
   这西瓜瓤儿太肉了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè xīguā rángr tài ròu liǎo. [Pinyin]

   The pulp of this watermelon is too spongy.

4. (dialectal Mandarin) slow; sluggish

   這個人做事真肉。 [MSC, trad.]
   这个人做事真肉。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè gè rén zuòshì zhēn ròu. [Pinyin]

   This person does everything sluggishly.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (肉):

• → Јапански: 肉(じゅう) (jū)
• → Корејски: 유(肉) (yu)

Etymology 3

једн. and трад.		肉
alternative forms		脈／脉 𬁲

Unclear. Reminiscent of 脢 (“dorsal meat”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, it may be of substrate origin. Compare (Deng, 1994):

• Proto-Austronesian *SimaR (“grease; oil; fat”) > Amis simal;
• Proto-Tai *manᴬ (“grease; fat”) > Тајски มัน (man);
• Malay gemuk (“fat”, adjective);
• Bunun masmuh (“fat”, adjective);
• Tsat maʔ˥˧ (“fat”, adjective).

Pronunciation

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bah / mah

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bhah⁴

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Tong'an, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bah
    • Tâi-lô: bah
    • Phofsit Daibuun: baq
    • IPA (Penang): /baʔ³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /baʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Tong'an, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /baʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mah
    • Tâi-lô: mah
    • Phofsit Daibuun: maq
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /mãʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Philippines): /maʔ⁵/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bhah⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bah
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /baʔ²/

Note: chiefly overseas.

Definitions

肉 (Hokkien, Teochew)

1. meat; flesh

   豬肉／猪肉 [Hokkien]  ―  ti-bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  pork

   牛肉 [Hokkien]  ―  牛-bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  beef

2. (specifically) pork

   肉骨 [Hokkien]  ―  bah骨 [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  pork ribs

3. flesh; pulp

   龍眼乾肉／龙眼干肉 [Hokkien]  ―  龍-géng-koaⁿ bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  flesh of dried longan

4. main part of an object

   刀肉 [Hokkien]  ―  to-bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  blade of a knife or sword

Further reading

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03288
• “Entry #2607”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Мандарин and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
• (Кантонски) 粵音資料集叢

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Јапански

Kanji

肉

(Други grade kyōiku kanji)

1. flesh, meat

Readings

• Go-on: にく (niku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: じく (jiku)
• Kun: しし (shishi, 肉)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
肉
しし Степен: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Not used in isolation in modern Japanese. Persists in compounds.

Cognate with 獣 (shishi, “beast, especially one used for meat”).

Noun

肉(しし) (shishi) 

1. (obsolete) meat
2. (obsolete) flesh, as of one's body
   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 16, poem 3885); text here:

     吾宍者 御奈麻須波夜志

     我わが肉ししはみ膾なますはやし (我わが肉ししはみ膾なますはやし)

     wa ga shishi wa mi-namasu hayashi

     use my flesh for your side-dish

Derived terms

Изведени термини

• 肉(しし)合(あ)い (shishiai): how someone or something is fleshed out, one's build
• 肉(しし)置(お)き (shishioki): how someone or something is fleshed out, one's build
• 肉(しし)付(つ)き (shishitsuki): how someone or something is fleshed out, one's build
• 肉(しし)付(づ)く (shishizuku): to become fatter, to become meatier; to make someone or something fatter or meatier
• 肉(しし)醤(びしお) (shishibishio): salted meat, salted fish; the salted and mummified body of an executed person, a practice of punishment carried out in ancient China
• 肉(しし)骨(ぼね) (shishibone): bones from which the meat has been removed; a skeleton
• 肉(しし)叢(むら) (shishimura): a cut or hunk of meat; the physical or corporeal body, the flesh
• 肉(しし)病(やみ) (shishiyami): (rare) obesity, a disease whereby the body becomes fat

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
肉
にく Степен: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 肉 (*njiuk). Compare modern Min Nan 肉 (jiok⁸) or Hakka 肉 (ngiuk⁷).

Alternative forms

• (honorific) お肉(にく) (o-niku)

Noun

肉(にく) (niku) 

1. meat, the muscle and fat tissue of an animal used as food
2. the flesh of an animal
3. the flesh of a fruit or vegetable
4. one's body, as opposed to spirit
5. the thickness of a thing

   板(いた)の肉(にく)

   ita no niku

   the thickness of a board

6. (figurative) the flesh or meat of something, such as an idea, structure, or argument

   議(ぎ)論(ろん)に肉(にく)をつける

   giron ni niku o tsukeru

   to put some meat on an argument, to flesh out an argument

7. an ink pad, a stamp pad
8. (theater, kabuki) short for 肉襦袢 (niku juban): flesh-toned undergarments worn by actors and shown when the character has to display their skin

Synonyms

• (fruit or vegetable flesh): 実(み) (mi)
• (body): 肉(にく)体(たい) (nikutai)
• (thickness): 厚(あつ)さ (atsusa), 太(ふと)さ (futosa)
• (ink pad): 印(いん)肉(にく) (inniku)

Derived terms

Изведени термини

• 牛(ぎゅう)肉(にく) (gyūniku): beef
• 狗(く)肉(にく) (kuniku): dog meat
• 鶏(けい)肉(にく) (keiniku), 鶏(とり)肉(にく) (toriniku): chicken (meat)
• 鯨(げい)肉(にく) (geiniku): whale meat
• 鳥(とり)肉(にく) (toriniku): meat of a bird, in particular meat of a chicken
• 肉(にく)交(こう) (nikukō): sexual intercourse
• 筋(きん)肉(にく) (kinniku): muscle
• 肉(にく)羹(こう) (nikukō): meat broth
• 肉(にく)汁(じゅう) (nikujū): meat broth; meat juice; gravy

• 肉(にく)漿(しょう) (nikushō): meat juice
• 肉(にく)饅(まん) (nikuman): nikuman
• 肉(にく)饅(まん)頭(じゅう) (nikumanjū): nikuman
• 肉(にく)類(るい) (nikurui): a kind of meat, the sort of meat
• 馬(ば)肉(にく) (baniku): horsemeat
• 豚(ぶた)肉(にく) (butaniku), 豚(とん)肉(にく) (tonniku): pork
• 挽(ひき)肉(にく) (hikiniku): minced meat, ground meat
• 羊(よう)肉(にく) (yōniku): mutton
• すじ肉(にく) (sujiniku)

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Корејски

Hanja

肉 (eumhun 고기 육 (gogi yuk))

1. Hanja form^? of 육 (“meat, flesh”).

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Вијетнамски

Han character

1. (literary, dated, only in compounds) Hán tự form of nhục, “flesh”

Derived terms

• 肉刑 (nhục hình)
• 肉慾 (nhục dục)
• 肉眼難知 (nhục nhãn nan tri)
• 肉豆蔻 (nhục đậu khấu)
• 肉體 (nhục thể)
• 苦肉計 (khổ nhục kế)
• 骨肉 (cốt nhục)

 

References

• Dự án Từ điển tiếng Việt miễn phí

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肉 (кинески)

Објашњење.

Изговор:

пинјин: ròu  

Аудио:

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

⾁ 130

Значења:

...

Примери:

1. 11 這些無翅無鱗以為可憎的、你們不可喫他的肉、死的也當以為可憎。
   1. 11 Zhèxiē wú chì wú lín yǐwéi kězēng de, nǐmen bùkě chī tā de ròu, sǐ de yě dāng yǐwéi kězēng.
      1. 11. Гадно да вам је, меса да им не једете, и на стрв њихов да се гадите.

Синоними:

...

Хомофони:

...

Хомографи:

...

ХСК ниво:

...

Асоцијације:

...

Изведене речи:

...

Сродни чланци са Википедије:

肉

Преводи

Енглески: [1] meat ☞en Француски: [1] viande ☞fr Немачки: [1] Fleisch ☞de Италијански: [1] carne ☞it Шпански: [1] carne ☞es Португалски: [1] carne ☞pt

Арапски: [1] لحم ☞ar Руски: [1] мясо ☞ru Српски: [1] месо ☞sr Грчки: [1] κρέας ☞el Бугарски: [1] месо ☞bg Шведски: [1] kött ☞sv

Спољашње везе

• [archchinese.com [2]]

Претходна Страна Наредна

• 6 竹 118 米 119 糸 120 缶 121 网 122 羊 123 羽 124 老 125 而 126 耒 127 耳 128 聿 129 肉 130 臣 131 自 132 至 133 臼 134 舌 135 舛 136 舟 137 艮 138 色 139 艸 140 虍 141 虫 142 血 143 行 144 衣 145 襾 146

聿 129 臣 131

Листа 肉: 肉

• 肉 000 肊 001 肋 002 肌 003 肍 004 肎 005 肏 006 肐 007 肑 008 肒 009 肓 010 肔 011 肕 012 肖 013 肗 014 肘 015 肙 016 肚 017 肛 018 肜 019 肝 020 肞 021 肟 022 肠 023 股 024 肢 025 肣 026 肤 027 肥 028 肦 029 肧 030 肨 031 肩 032 肪 033 肫 034 肬 035 肭 036 肮 037 肯 038 肰 039 肱 040 育 041 肳 042 肴 043 肵 044 肶 045 肷 046 肸 047 肹 048 肺 049 肻 050 肼 051 肽 052 肾 053 肿 054 胀 055 胁 056 胂 057 胃 058 胄 059 胅 060 胆 061 胇 062 胈 063 胉 064 胊 065 胋 066 背 067 胍 068 胎 069 胏 070 胐 071 胑 072 胒 073 胓 074 胔 075 胕 076 胖 077 胗 078 胘 079 胙 080 胚 081 胛 082 胜 083 胝 084 胞 085 胟 086 胠 087 胡 088 胢 089 胣 090 胤 091 胥 092 胦 093 胧 094 胨 095 胩 096 胪 097 胫 098 胬 099 胭 100 胮 101 胯 102 胰 103 胱 104 胲 105 胳 106 胴 107 胵 108 胶 109 胷 110 胸 111 胹 112 胺 113 胻 114 胼 115 能 116 胾 117 胿 118 脀 119 脁 120 脂 121 脃 122 脄 123 脅 124 脆 125 脇 126 脈 127 脉 128 脊 129 脋 130 脌 131 脍 132 脎 133 脏 134 脐 135 脑 136 脒 137 脓 138 脔 139 脕 140 脖 141 脗 142 脘 143 脙 144 脚 145 脛 146 脜 147 脝 148 脞 149 脟 150 脠 151 脡 152 脢 153 脣 154 脤 155 脥 156 脦 157 脧 158 脨 159 脩 160 脪 161 脫 162 脬 163 脭 164 脮 165 脯 166 脰 167 脱 168 脲 169 脳 170 脴 171 脵 172 脶 173 脷 174 脸 175 脹 176 脺 177 脻 178 脼 179 脽 180 脾 181 脿 182 腀 183 腁 184 腂 185 腃 186 腄 187 腅 188 腆 189 腇 190 腈 191 腉 192 腊 193 腋 194 腌 195 腍 196 腎 197 腏 198 腐 199 腑 200 腒 201 腓 202 腔 203 腕 204 腖 205 腗 206 腘 207 腙 208 腚 209 腛 210 腜 211 腝 212 腞 213 腟 214 腠 215 腡 216 腢 217 腣 218 腤 219 腥 220 腦 221 腧 222 腨 223 腩 224 腪 225 腫 226 腬 227 腭 228 腮 229 腯 230 腰 231 腱 232 腲 233 腳 234 腴 235 腵 236 腶 237 腷 238 腸 239 腹 240 腺 241 腻 242 腼 243 腽 244 腾 245 腿 246 膀 247 膁 248 膂 249 膃 250 膄 251 膅 252 膆 253 膇 254 膈 255 膉 256 膊 257 膋 258 膌 259 膍 260 膎 261 膏 262 膐 263 膑 264 膒 265 膓 266 膔 267 膕 268 膖 269 膗 270 膘 271 膙 272 膚 273 膛 274 膜 275 膝 276 膞 277 膟 278 膠 279 膡 280 膢 281 膣 282 膤 283 膥 284 膦 285 膧 286 膨 287 膩 288 膪 289 膫 290 膬 291 膭 292 膮 293 膯 294 膰 295 膱 296 膲 297 膳 298 膴 299 膵 300 膶 301 膷 302 膸 303 膹 304 膺 305 膻 306 膼 307 膽 308 膾 309 膿 310 臀 311 臁 312 臂 313 臃 314 臄 315 臅 316 臆 317 臇 318 臈 319 臉 320 臊 321 臋 322 臌 323 臍 324 臎 325 臏 326 臐 327 臑 328 臒 329 臓 330 臔 331 臕 332 臖 333 臗 334 臘 335 臙 336 臚 337 臛 338 臜 339 臝 340 臞 341 臟 342 臠 343 臡 344 臢 345