相

Takođe pogledajte: 租
相 U+76F8, 相
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76F8
← 盷
[U+76F7] 		CJK jedinstveni ideogrami 盹 →
[U+76F9]

međunarodno


Redosled pisanja
9 poteza

Han character

相 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木月山 (DBU), četiri-ugla 46900, composition ⿰木目)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 800, karakter 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 23151
  • Dae Jaweon: strana 1216, karakter 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 4, strana 2470, karakter 13
  • Unihan data za U+76F8

Kineski


jedn. and trad.
 相

Glyph origin

Znakovi u istom fonetskom nizu (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Stari Kineski
相
廂
湘
緗
箱
葙
想
霜 *sraŋ
孀
鸘 *sraŋ
驦 *sraŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意 (huìyì)) : 木 (“tree”) + 目 (“eye”) – looking at, or watching the tree.

Etymology

An allofam is 胥 (“each other; mutually; all; to observe; to assist”) (Gong, 1995; Schuessler, 2007).

Derivative: 想 (“to think”) (“appearance > to visualise > to think”).

Pronunciation 1

Nota:
  • siong/siang - literary;
  • saⁿ/sio/sa - vernacular;
  • siuⁿ/sioⁿ - vernacular (limited, e.g. 相思).
Nota:
  • siang1 - literary;
  • sio1/siê1 - vernacular (siê1 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 相
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 陽 (105)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息良切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɨɐŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɐŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/sɨaŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/siaŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭaŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯aŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiāng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		soeng1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 相
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiāng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjang ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]aŋ/
    English mutually

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Definitions

    相

    1. to see for oneself; to evaluate by seeing for oneself
      相女婿  ―  xiāng nǚxù  ―  assess the suitability of a prospective son-in-law or husband
    2. mutually; reciprocally; towards each other; one another
      相望  ―  xiāngwàng  ―  to look at each other
      相逢  ―  xiāngféng  ―  to meet by chance
    3. together; jointly
    4. successively; one after another
    5. towards; to
    6. A prezime​..

    Compounds

    Izvedeni termini od 相

    Pronunciation 2

    Nota:
    • soeng3-2 - “photo; picture”.
    Nota:
    • lhiang1* - “photo; picture”.
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Nota:
    • siòng/siàng - literary;
    • siùⁿ/siòⁿ/siàuⁿ - vernacular.
    Nota:
    • siang3 - literary;
    • sion3/siên3 - vernacular (siên3 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 相
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 陽 (105)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息亮切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɨɐŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɐŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/sɨaŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/siaŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭaŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯aŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		soeng3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 相
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiàng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjangH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]aŋ-s/
    English appearance, quality

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Definitions

    相

    1. to look at; to examine the appearance and judge; to observe
    2. looks; appearance; features
      長相／长相  ―  zhǎngxiàng  ―  facial features
    3. posture; bearing
      站相  ―  zhànxiàng  ―  standing posture
    4. demeanour; manners
      吃相  ―  chīxiàng  ―  table manners
    5. photo; picture; photograph (Klasifikator: 張／张 c; 幅 c)
      影幾張相／影几张相 [Cantonese]  ―  jing2 gei2 zoeng1 soeng3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to take a few pictures
    6. phase; exterior; stage; period
    7. (physics) phase
      相空間／相空间  ―  xiàngkōngjiān  ―  phase space
      相位  ―  xiàngwèi  ―  phase
      月相  ―  yuèxiàng  ―  lunar phase
    8. (geology) facies
    9. to physiognomise; to practise physiognomy; to tell fortune by reading the subject's facial features
    10. physiognomy; practice of physiognomy
    11. to choose; to pick
    12. to assist; to help; to oversee
    13. (Chinese mythology) Xiang of Xia Galicijski
    14. (historical) Chancellor of State
    15. (xiangqi) minister (on the red side)
    16. (historical) master of ceremonies
    17. (historical) attendant
    18. to administer; to govern
    19. to teach; to instruct
    20. a person who guides or leads a blind person
      • Lua greška in Modul:zh-usex at line 103: variety CL-TW not recognized..
    21. A prezime​..
    Synonyms
    Coordinate terms

    Compounds

    Izvedeni termini od 相

    References

    Japanski


    Kanji

    Lua greška in Modul:languages at line 1302: The function getByCode expects a string as its first argument, but received nil..

    1. mutual, reciprocal, with one another
    2. appearance, look

    Readings

    Compounds

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    相
    あい
    Stepen: 3
    kun’yomi
    Za izgovor i definicije od 相 – vidi あい.
    (Ovaj pojam, 相, je an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

    (Sledeći unos je nestvoren: あい.)

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    相
    こもごも
    Stepen: 3
    kun’yomi
    Za izgovor i definicije od 相 – vidi こもごも.
    (Ovaj pojam, 相, je an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

    (Sledeći unos je nestvoren: こもごも.)

    Etymology 3

    Kanji in this term
    相
    さが
    Stepen: 3
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese.

    Pronunciation

    Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "yomi" is not used by this template..

    Alternative forms

    Noun

    相(さが) (saga) 

    1. nature, personality
    2. fate, destiny
    3. a habit, custom, or practice
    4. the good and bad of a person; especially, one's faults
    Synonyms

    Etymology 4

    Kanji in this term
    相
    しょう
    Stepen: 3
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 相 (“together, with”), from the way that a minister would always be with their lord. Kan'on, so likely a later borrowing than the sō reading.

    Pronunciation

    Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "yomi" is not used by this template..

    Suffix

    相(しょう) or 相(suffix) (shō or suffix) ←しゃう (syau)?[[Category:Japanski Šablon:error|しょう]]

    1. minister of state
      首(しゅ)相(しょう)
      shushō
      prime minister
      内(ない)相(しょう)
      naishō
      minister of the interior
    Synonyms

    Etymology 5

    Kanji in this term
    相
    そう
    Stepen: 3
    goon

    From Middle Chinese. Goon, so likely an earlier borrowing than the shō reading.

    Pronunciation

    Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "yomi" is not used by this template..

    Noun

    相(そう) (sō) ←さう (sau)?

    1. appearance, how something looks
    2. an aspect of something
      大(だい)自(し)然(ぜん)の色々(いろいろ)な相(そう)
      daishizen no iroiro na sō
      various aspects of nature
    3. (grammar) grammatical aspect
    4. (physics) a phase, as of matter
    5. (ikebana) the central supporting branch of an ikebana arrangement
    Related terms

    References


    Korejski


    Etymology 1

    From Middle Chinese 相 (MC sɨɐŋ, “mutual; together”).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ (Yale: syàng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 서르 샤ᇰ[2] Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ (syang) (Yale: syàng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.[1]
    Early Modern Korean
    Text Final (韻) Reading
    Samun Seonghwi, 1751 서ᄅᆞ 샹 Šablon:hanja-juhae
    1. ↑ Identical eumhun in Gwangju Cheonjamun and Sinjeung Yuhap.
    2. ↑ 本平聲 [Level tone]

    Pronunciation

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    Lua greška in Modul:headword at line 442: In full_headword(), `data.translits` must be an array but is a string.

    1. Hanja form? of 상 (“mutual; together”).

    Compounds

    Compounds

    Etymology 2

    From Middle Chinese 相 (MC sɨɐŋH, “appearance”).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ〮 (Yale: syáng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] ᄌᆡ〯샤ᇰ〮[1] 샤ᇰ〮 Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ〮 (syáng) (Yale: syáng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
    Early Modern Korean
    Text Final (韻) Reading
    Samun Seonghwi, 1751 졍승[2] 샹 Šablon:hanja-juhae
    1. ↑ 宰相 [Chancellor of State]
    2. ↑ 政丞 [Minister]

    Pronunciation

    Hanja

    Lua greška in Modul:headword at line 442: In full_headword(), `data.translits` must be an array but is a string.

    1. Hanja form? of 상 (“looks; appearance”).
    2. Hanja form? of 상 (“minister of state”).

    Compounds

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

    Vijetnamski


    Han character

    1. Ovaj izraz zahteva definiciju. Molim vas pomozite i dodajte prevod, zatim uklonite tekst {{rfdef}}.

    相 (kineski)

    Objašnjenje.

    Izgovor:

    pinjin: xiāng  
    Audio: (datoteka)
    Šablon:zh-cir

    Radikal:

    目 109

    Šablon:Tetrada

    Značenja:

    ...

    Primeri:

    Vikicitati „Galatima, glava 5”

    —
    1. 15 你們要謹慎．若相[1]咬相吞、只怕[1]要彼此消滅了。
      1. 15 Nǐmen yào jǐnshèn. Ruò xiāng yǎo xiāng tūn, zhǐ pà yào bǐcǐ xiāomièle.
        1. 15. Ali ako se među sobom koljete i jedete, gledajte da jedan drugog ne istrebite.
          1. 14 16

    Sinonimi:

    ...


    Homofoni:

    ...

    Homografi:

    ...

    HSK nivo:

    ...

    Asocijacije:

    ...

    Izvedene reči:

    ...


    Srodni članci sa Vikipedije:

    相


    Prevodi

    • Amharski:
    • Engleski:
    • Francuski:
    • Nemački:
    • Italijanski:
    • Španski:
    • Portugalski:
    • Arapski:
    • Korejski:
    • Ruski:
    • Srpski:
    • Grčki:
    • Bugarski:
    • Švedski:

    Reference

    1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 加拉太書 5 章[1]

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