そう

Извор: Викиречник
Иди на навигацију Иди на претрагу
Такође погледајте: ぞう, Додатак:Варијанте од "so", и Додатак:Варијанте од "sou"

Јапански[уреди]

Етимологија 1[уреди]

/sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/

Adverb[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō, historical hiragana さう)

  1. 然う: so, like that, in such a way
Погледајте такође[уреди]
Japanese demonstratives
ko-
“this”
(close to speaker) 		so-
“that”
(close to listener) 		a-
“that over there”
(far from both) 		do-
“which”
(indeterminate, question)
Object これ (kore) それ (sore) あれ (are) どれ (dore)
これら (korera) それら (sorera) あれら (arera) —
Determiner この (kono) その (sono) あの (ano) どの (dono)
これらの (korera no) それらの (sorera no) あれらの (arera no) —
Kind こんな (konna) そんな (sonna) あんな (anna) どんな (donna)
Place ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あそこ (asoko)* どこ (doko)
Direction こちら (kochira) そちら (sochira) あちら (achira) どちら (dochira)
こっち (kotchi) そっち (sotchi) あっち (atchi) どっち (dotchi)
Human こいつ (koitsu) そいつ (soitsu) あいつ (aitsu) どいつ (doitsu)
Manner こう (kō) そう (sō) ああ (ā)** どう (dō)
* irregular
** regular (long vowel)

Interjection[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō, historical hiragana さう)

  1. 然う: yes, yeah; it's like that; that's how it is; I see. (interjection to show that the speaker is paying attention)
Синоними[уреди]

Етимологија 2[уреди]

/sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/

Probably either a shift from 様 (sama), or directly from 相 (sō). Appears from the Muromachi period.[1][2]

Possibly influenced by, or developed by analogy to, the adverbial and interjectional sō (然う).

Изговор[уреди]

  • МФА(кључ): [so̞ː]
  • In Tokyo accent, the accent of the verb construction depends on the suffixed verb:[3]
Suffixed verb is accented Suffixed verb is non-accented
Continuative stem + そう (sō) (evidential) Result has the accent on the そ (so) mora
Example: つくりそ​ーだ [tsùkúrísóꜜòdà] 		Result is non-accented
Example: あそびそーだ [àsóbísóódá]
Finite form + そう (sō) (hearsay) Result keeps the original accent
Example: つく​るそーだ [tsùkúꜜrùsòòdà] 		Result is accented on the そ (so) mora
Example: あそぶそ​ーだ [àsóbúsóꜜòdà]

Суфикс[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō)[[Категорија:Јапански Lua грешка in Модул:debug at line 174: Invalid part of speech..
]]

  1. seeming that, seeming like, appearing that
Корисне белешке[уреди]

This productive suffix meaning seeming like can come after a full phrase in plain form, or after a verb or adjective stem, thereby forming a "-na" adjective.

  • After a full phrase in plain form, the resulting phrase implies reported speech, something heard from someone else. For example, the verb 降る (furu, "to fall from the sky") plus this suffix forms 降るそう (furu sō, "I've heard that it will rain" or "someone told me that it will rain"). The adjective 美味しい (oishii, "delicious") plus this suffix forms 美味しいそう (oishii sō, "I've heard that it's delicious").
  • After a verb or adjective stem, the resulting word means it looks like X. For example, the stem 降り of the verb 降る (furu, "to fall from the sky") plus this suffix forms 降りそう (furisō, "it looks like it will rain"). The stem 美味し of the adjective 美味しい (oishii, "delicious") plus this suffix forms 美味しそう (oishisō, "looks delicious"). However, いい＋そう becomes よさそう and ない＋そう becomes なさそう.

The suffix should not be used after stem forms describing visually obvious physical traits like color. Although 赤いそう (akai sō, "I've heard that it's red") would be valid, *赤そう (akasō, "it looks red") would not. Another example of this is that かわいい (可愛い) means someone looks cute so it does not need another そう. (かわいそう does exist, but means "pitiful" or "poor".) The suffix should, however, be used when describing another person's mood or mental state. For example, if another person looks glad, one says 嬉しそう (ureshisō, "you look glad"), which is more natural and polite than saying 嬉しい (ureshii, "you are glad").

Етимологија 3[уреди]

Various.

Adjectival noun[уреди]

そう (-na inflection, rōmaji sō)

  1. 壮:

Бројач[уреди]

そう (rōmaji -sō)

  1. 双: pairs
  2. 壮:
  3. 層: floors in a building
  4. 艘: small boats

Именица[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō)

  1. 双: pair
  2. 壮:
  3. 宗:
  4. 奏:
  5. 相: aspect, phase, dimension
  6. 草: draft, rough copy
  7. 荘, 庄: manor
  8. 曹:
  9. 喪:
  10. 惣:
  11. 葬: burial
  12. 装: clothing; binding of a book
  13. 僧: priest, monk, bonze
  14. 想:
  15. 層: stratum, layer, seam, tier
  16. 箏:
  17. 甑:
  18. 騒:
  19. 左右: left and right
  20. 疎雨, 疏雨:

Префикс[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō-)

  1. 総: gross, general

Властита именица[уреди]

そう (rōmaji Sō)

  1. 壮: A male дато име
  2. 宗: A презиме​.
  3. 宋: Song

Суфикс[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō)[[Категорија:Јапански Lua грешка in Модул:debug at line 174: Invalid part of speech..
]]

  1. 走: race, run

Глагол[уреди]

そう (rōmaji sō)

  1. 添う, 副う: to accompany; to comply with
  2. 沿う: to follow; to run along
  3. 候: (auxiliary) be, do

Референце[уреди]

  1. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ Online Japanese Accent Dictionary (OJAD)
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