水

Takođe pogledajte: 𣱱, 氺, 氷, 永, i 氵

水 U+6C34, 水 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C34 ← 氳 [U+6C33] CJK jedinstveni ideogrami 氵 → [U+6C35]

⽔ U+2F54, ⽔ KANGXI RADICAL WATER ← ⽓ [U+2F53] Kandži radikali ⽕ → [U+2F55]

međunarodno

Redosled pisanja

Redosled pisanja

Alternative forms

• 氵 (when used as a left radical)
• 氺 (when used in characters such as 泰)

Han character

水 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 水 (E), četiri-ugla 1223₀, composition ⿰𰛄⿺㇏丿(GJKV) or ⿰㇇𰛅(GJKV) or ⿰𰛄⿱丿㇏(HT))

2. Kangci radikal #85, ⽔.

Derived characters

• Dodatak:Kineski radikal/水
• 冰, 𪢿, 𫰖, 㝽, 𡵰, 𢗷, 𤝎, 阥, 𨑾, 𪱹, 㲑, 𤆩, 𤕯, 𡯑, 𬍖, 𦙙, 𤱄, 砅, 𧦋, 𧺵, 𫒎, 𩖱, 𬵆, 𣍤, 𩾼
• 氽, 𠕽, 𡉺, 尿, 𢇤, 𦬭, 𭥚, 𣏶, 𭻅, 㽷, 泵, 𥝸, 𥤼, 𥫸, 𨋈, 𨠊, 㞙, 𩂍, 𤦗, 𦷸, 𠪥, 𥴠, 𢦹, 閖
• 呇, 坔, 𢗨, 𤆲, 畓, 𭖜, 𧥿, 𨋉, 𨠆, 𨥗, 𭪳, 𬠤, 凼, 囦, 䠌, 潁(颍), 頮(颒), 𤸄

References

• KangXi: page 603, karakter 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 17083
• Dae Jaweon: strana 992, karakter 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 3, strana 1545, karakter 1
• Unihan data za U+6C34

Further reading

• 水 na Wikidata.Wikidata

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Central Bai

Noun

水 (xuix)

1. hanzi form of xuix
   • 1450, Yang Fu (楊黼), 《詞記山花——咏蒼洱境》:

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Kineski

jedn. and trad.		水
alternativne forme		𡿭 𣸕

Glyph origin

Istorijski oblici karaktera 水
Shang	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Znakovi u istom fonetskom nizu (水) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Stari Kineski
沝
水

Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) – compare 川 (chuān).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwi(j) (“flow; stream”) (Benedict, 1974; Coblin, 1986; Handel, 1998; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo lui (“stream; brook; river”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (luːi³, “stream; river”), Jingpho lawi (“to flow (as water)”).

Old Chinese 水 (OC lhuiʔ) (minimally reconstructed) is root's endoactive derivation with suffix *-ʔ, meaning "that which is flowing"; its voiceless initial suggests the presence of a nominalizing prefix *k- or *s-. Another derivative from the root is possibly 泫 (OC winʔ, “to flow”) (minimally reconstructed).

Compare also areal etymon Proto-Mon-Khmer *lujʔ ~ luuj() ~ luəj() ~ ləəj() (“to wade; to swim”).

Alternatively, Gong (1995) reconstructs Old Chinese *hljədx and compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju (“water; liquid; bodily fluid”). Baxter and Sagart (2014), employing evidence from Proto-Min, reconstructs Old Chinese *s.turʔ and compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *twəj (“to flow; to suppurate”), which is likely related to *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (“water; fluid; to soak; to be wet”) (STEDT). Like Gong (1995), Sagart (2017) compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu), but he also compares it to , Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *thejᴬ, all of which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s. Handel deems derivations from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju or *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s unlikely because of phonological issues (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinjin): shuǐ (shui³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄟˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): sui³

  (Dungan, Ćirilica and Wiktionary): fi (II)

• Kantonski

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): seoi²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sui²

• Gan (Vikirečnik): sui³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): súi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): sui³

• Jin (Wiktionary): sui²
• Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̌
• Min Dong (BUC): cūi / cṳ̄
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chúi / súi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zui²

• Wu (Wiktionary): sr (T2)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): xyei³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinjin: shuǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoei
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shuěi
    • Wade–Giles: shui3
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /ʂweɪ̯²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: sui³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sui
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /suei⁵³/
  • (Dungan)
    • Ćirilica and Vikirečnik: fi (II)
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /fiː⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Kantonski
  • (Standard Kantonski, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: seoi²
    • Yale: séui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soey²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêu²
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /sɵy̯³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Vikirečnik: sui²
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /sui⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: sui³
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /sui²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: súi
    • Hakka Romanization System: sui`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sui³
    • IPA: /su̯i³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: sui³
    • IPA: /suɪ³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Vikirečnik: sui²
    • Sinological MFA (old-style): /suei⁵³/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̌
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /sy²¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cūi / cṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suoi³³/, /t͡sy³³/

Nota:

• cūi - literary (common);
• cṳ̄ - vernacular (only used in some words as the first syllable).

Min Nan

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúi
  • Tâi-lô: tsuí
  • Phofsit Daibuun: zuie
  • MFA (Singapore): /t͡sui⁴²/
  • MFA (Hui'an): /t͡sui⁵⁴/
  • MFA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/
  • MFA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Taipei): /t͡sui⁵³/
  • MFA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴¹/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: súi
  • Tâi-lô: suí
  • Phofsit Daibuun: suie
  • MFA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Taipei): /sui⁵³/
  • MFA (Hui'an): /sui⁵⁴/
  • MFA (Kaohsiung): /sui⁴¹/
  • MFA (Singapore): /sui⁴²/
  • MFA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /sui⁵⁵⁴/

Nota:

• chúi - vernacular;
• súi - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zui²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsúi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui⁵²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: sr (T2)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩³⁴/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: xyei³
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕye̞i⁴¹/

Definitions

水

2. water (Klasifikator: 瓶 m; 樽 c; 滴 m c; 池 m c; 盆 m c; 杯 m c)

   請給我一杯水，謝謝。 [MSC, trad.]
   请给我一杯水，谢谢。 [MSC, simp.]

   Qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shuǐ, xièxiè. [Pinyin]

   A glass of water, please.

3. liquid; potion; juice

   口水  ―  kǒushuǐ  ―  saliva

   羊水  ―  yángshuǐ  ―  amniotic fluid

   眼藥水／眼药水  ―  yǎnyàoshuǐ  ―  eyedrop

4. (colloquial, chiefly Singapore, Malaysia) Synonym of 飲料／饮料 (“beverage”).

   要叫什麼水？／要叫什么水？  ―  Yào jiào shénme shuǐ?  ―  What beverage do you want to order?

   欲叫什物水？ [Min Nan]  ―  Beh kiò sím物 chúi? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  What beverage do you want to order?

6. (archaic) river

   漢水／汉水  ―  Hànshuǐ  ―  the Han River

7. body of water

   水路  ―  shuǐlù  ―  waterway

   三面環水／三面环水  ―  sān miàn huán shuǐ  ―  to be surrounded by (bodies of) water on three sides

8. flood

   發水／发水  ―  fāshuǐ  ―  to flood

9. additional cost or income
10. (dialectal) rain
11. (Cantonese) money (Klasifikator: 嚿／𫩥)

    磅水 [Cantonese]  ―  bong⁶ seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  to pay

    掠水 [Cantonese]  ―  loek^6-1 seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  to obtain money dishonestly

    三嚿水／三𫩥水 [Cantonese]  ―  saam¹ gau⁶ seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  three hundred dollars

12. to swim

    水性  ―  shuǐxìng  ―  swimming ability

    • 假舟楫者，非能水也，而絕江河。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: Xunzi, circa 3^rd century BCE

      Jiǎ zhōují zhě, fēi néng shuǐ yě, ér jué jiānghé. [Pinyin]

      (please add an English translation of this example)

13. (colloquial) lacking substance or power; worthless

    這裡的大學太水了。 [MSC, trad.]
    这里的大学太水了。 [MSC, simp.]

    Zhèlǐ de dàxué tài shuǐ le. [Pinyin]

    The universities here are too weak.

14. Short for 划水 (“to shirk; to slack off”).
15. one of the five elements of Wu Xing (五行)
16. (colloquial) Classifier for the number of times clothing was washed.
17. Sui people

    水書／水书  ―  shuǐshū  ―  Shuishu (the traditional writing system of the Sui people)

19. A prezime​..

Synonyms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Kineski).

Compounds

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Kineski).

Descendants

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Kineski).

Etymology 2

Za izgovor i definicije od 水 – vidi 媠 (“Min Nan: pretty; beautiful”). (Ovaj character, 水, je a variant oblik od 媠.)

References

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Kineski).
• Šablon:R:zh:SinicaGlyph

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Japanski

Kanji

Readings

• Go-on: すい (sui, Jōyō)^{←すい (sui, historical)←すゐ (swi, ancient)}
• Kan-on: すい (sui, Jōyō)^{←すい (sui, historical)←すゐ (swi, ancient)}
• Kun: みず (mizu, 水, Jōyō)^{←みづ (midu, 水, historical)}
• Nanori: うず (uzu); ずみ (zumi); たいら (taira)^{←たひら (tafira, historical)}; つ (tsu); ど (do); な (na); なか (naka); み (mi); みさ (misa); みつ (mitsu); みな (mina); みん (min); ゆ (yu); ゆく (yuku)

Compounds

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Kanji.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
水
みず Stepen: 1
kun’yomi

⟨mi₁du⟩ → */mʲidu/ → /mid͡zu/ → /mizu/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mentu. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly cognate with 瑞 (mizu, “freshness, youth”).

Possible cognate with Proto-Tungusic *mū, Jurchen 木克 (mu-ke /⁠muke⁠/), Manchu ᠮᡠᡴᡝ, Goguryeo 買 (*me, “river; water”), Mongolian mөrөn (mörön, “river”), Korejski 물 (mul, “water”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) みず [mìzú] (Heiban – [0])
• MFA^(ključ): [mʲizɨᵝ]

Noun

水(みず) (mizu) ^{←みづ (midu)?}

1. water Galicijski

   Sinonims: ウオーター (uōtā), ウォーター (wōtā), (Tsugaru) がっこ (gakko)

   Antonim: 湯 (yu, specifically meaning "hot water")

2. drinking water

   Sinonims: 飲水 (insui, nomimizu), 飲用水 (in'yōsui), 飲料水 (inryōsui)

3. a fluid, liquid

   Sinonim: 液体 (ekitai)

4. a flood

   Sinonims: 大水 (ōmizu), 洪水 (kōzui), 出水 (shussui)

5. (sumo) Short for 水入り (mizuiri): halting
6. (sumo) Short for 力水 (chikara mizu): water offered to sumo wrestlers before a bout

Usage notes

Note that, while mizu is the most general Japanese term for “water”, it does refer specifically to “water that is not hot”. Meanwhile, the word 湯 (yu) refers specifically to “hot water”. Consider 水風呂 (mizu-buro, “cold-water bath”), contrasting with 風呂 (furo, “bath”, implying hot water).

Derived terms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Japanski).

Idioms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Japanski).

Proverbs

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Japanski).

Prefix

水(みず) or 水(prefix) (mizu or prefix) ^{←みづ (midu)?}[[Category:Japanski Šablon:error|みす']]

1. water

Derived terms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Water (Prefix).

Proper noun

水(みず) (Mizu) ^{←みづ (midu)?}

1. a female given name
2. a prezime​.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
水
み Stepen: 1
kun’yomi

⟨mi₁⟩ → */mʲi/ → /mi/

From Old Japanese.

Typically found in compounds.

Affix

水(み) (mi) 

1. Combining form of みず (mizu) above

Derived terms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Combining form.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
水
すい Stepen: 1
on’yomi

/ɕuwi/ → */suwi/ → /sui/

From Middle Chinese 水.

Compare modern Mandarin 水 (shuǐ), modern Hakka 水 (súi).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) す​い [súꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• MFA^(ključ): [sɨᵝi]

Noun

水(すい) (sui) 

1. water: one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine
2. Short for 水曜日 (suiyōbi): Wednesday
3. shaved ice served with flavored syrup

   Sinonim: 氷水 (kōrimizu)

Affix

水(すい) (sui) 

1. water
2. body of water
3. fluid, liquid
4. Short for 水素 (suiso): hydrogen

Derived terms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Water (element).

Proper noun

水(すい) (Sui) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
水
もい Stepen: 1
irregular

⟨mopi₁⟩ → */mopʲi/ → /moɸi/ → /mowi/ → /moi/

From Old Japanese. Via metonymy from the word 椀, 盌 (moi, “bowl”), from the meaning of “that which goes in the 椀, 盌 (moi, “bowl”)”.

Pronunciation

• MFA^(ključ): [mo̞i]

Noun

水(もい) (moi) ^{←もひ (mofi)?}

1. (obsolete) drinking water

Derived terms

• 水(もい)取(とり), 主水(もいとり) (moitori)

See also

• 氷(こおり) (kōri, “ice”)
• 湯(ゆ) (yu, “hot water”)

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Korejski

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 水.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᄉᆔᆼ〯 (Yale: syǔy)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1]	믈〮 (Yale: múl)	슈〮 (Yale: syú)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰu]
• Phonetic hangul: [수]

Hanja

Wikisource

1. Hanja form^? of 수 (“water”).
2. Hanja form^? of 수 (“Short for 수요일(水曜日) (suyoil, “Wednesday”).”).

Compounds

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Korejski).

References

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Korejski).

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Lama Bai

Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

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Miyako

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Pronunciation

• MFA^(key): [mid͡zz̩]

Noun

水 (hiragana みず, rōmaji [[mizu, mikɯ#Miyako|mizu, mikɯ]])

1. water

References

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Water (Miyako).

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Northern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (hiragana むぃずぃ, rōmaji mïzï)

1. water

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Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (hiragana みじ, rōmaji miji)

1. water

References

• Šablon:R:JLect

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Okinawan

Kanji

水

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: しー (shī)
• Kun: みじ (miji, 水)

Compounds

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Kanji (Okinawan).

Etymology

From earlier 水 (midu → midzu → mizu), attested in 1711 in the 混効験集 (Konkōkenshū), itself from Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

The word underwent a pronunciation change due to the shifting of /u/ to /i/ after alveolar consonants.

Cognate with Japanski 水 (mizu), Old Japanese 水 (mi₁du).

Pronunciation

• (Shuri-Naha) み​じ[míꜜd͡ʑì] (Kakō - [1])
• MFA^(key): [mid͡ʑi]

Noun

水 (hiragana みじ, rōmaji miji)

1. water

Derived terms

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Okinawan).

References

• Šablon:R:JLect

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Southern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (hiragana むぃでぃ, rōmaji mïdi)

1. water

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Southern Bai

Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

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Vijetnamski

Han character

水: Hán Việt readings: thủy-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel/thuỷ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel (式(thức)軌(quỹ)切(thiết))
水: Nôm readings: thủy-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd/thuỷ-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd, nước-tdcntd

1. Hán tự form of thuỷ, “water”
2. (uncommon) Nôm form of nước (“water”).

Compounds

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Voda (Vijetnamski).

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Yonaguni

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly also related to Korejski 물 (mul), Middle Korean 밀 (mil, “water”).

Pronunciation

• MFA^(key): [miŋ]

Noun

水 (hiragana みん, rōmaji min, hiragana みーん, rōmaji mīn)

1. water

References

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Water (Yonaguni).

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Yoron

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly also related to Korejski 물 (mul), Middle Korean 밀 (mil, “water”).

Noun

水 (hiragana みじ, rōmaji miji)

1. water

References

• Vidi 水/izvedeni termini § Water (Yoron).