水

Такође погледајте: 𣱱, 氺, 氷, 永, и 氵

水 U+6C34, 水 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C34 ← 氳 [U+6C33] CJK Unified Ideographs 氵 → [U+6C35]

⽔ U+2F54, ⽔ KANGXI RADICAL WATER ← ⽓ [U+2F53] Kangxi Radicals ⽕ → [U+2F55]

међународно

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Редослед писања

Alternative forms

• 氵 (when used as a left radical)
• 氺 (when used in characters such as 泰)

Han character

水 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 水 (E), четири-угла 1223₀, composition ⿰𰛄⿺㇏丿(GJKV) or ⿰㇇𰛅(GJKV) or ⿰𰛄⿱丿㇏(HT))

2. Кангци радикал #85, ⽔.

Derived characters

• Додатак:Кинески радикал/水
• 冰, 𪢿, 𫰖, 㝽, 𡵰, 𢗷, 𤝎, 阥, 𨑾, 𪱹, 㲑, 𤆩, 𤕯, 𡯑, 𬍖, 𦙙, 𤱄, 砅, 𧦋, 𧺵, 𫒎, 𩖱, 𬵆, 𣍤, 𩾼
• 氽, 𠕽, 𡉺, 尿, 𢇤, 𦬭, 𭥚, 𣏶, 𭻅, 㽷, 泵, 𥝸, 𥤼, 𥫸, 𨋈, 𨠊, 㞙, 𩂍, 𤦗, 𦷸, 𠪥, 𥴠, 𢦹, 閖
• 呇, 坔, 𢗨, 𤆲, 畓, 𭖜, 𧥿, 𨋉, 𨠆, 𨥗, 𭪳, 𬠤, 凼, 囦, 䠌, 潁(颍), 頮(颒), 𤸄

References

• KangXi: page 603, карактер 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 17083
• Dae Jaweon: страна 992, карактер 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 3, страна 1545, карактер 1
• Unihan data за U+6C34

Further reading

• 水 на Wikidata.Wikidata

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Central Bai

Noun

水 (xuix)

1. hanzi form of xuix
   • 1450, Yang Fu (楊黼), 《詞記山花——咏蒼洱境》:

     煴煊茶水㱔呼𪢂

     Boiling tea water, greeting each other.

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Језици (10)

Central Bai • Lama Bai • Miyako • Northern Amami-Oshima • Oki-No-Erabu • Okinawan • Southern Amami-Oshima • Southern Bai • Yonaguni • Yoron

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Страна категорија

Кинески

једн. and трад.		水
alternative forms		𡿭 𣸕

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 水
Shang	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (水) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
沝
水

Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) – compare 川.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwi(j) (“flow; stream”) (Benedict, 1974; Coblin, 1986; Handel, 1998; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo lui (“stream; brook; river”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (luːi³, “stream; river”), Jingpho lawi (“to flow (as water)”).

Old Chinese 水 (OC lhuiʔ) (minimally reconstructed) is Sino-Tibetan root's endoactive derivation with suffix *-ʔ, meaning "that which is flowing"; its voiceless initial suggests the presence of a nominalizing prefix *k- or *s-. Another derivative from the Sino-Tibetan root is possibly 泫 (OC winʔ, “to flow”) (minimally reconstructed).

Compare also areal etymon Proto-Mon-Khmer *lujʔ ~ luuj() ~ luəj() ~ ləəj() (“to wade; to swim”).

Alternatively, Gong (1995) reconstructs Old Chinese *hljədx and compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju (“water; liquid; bodily fluid”). Baxter and Sagart (2014), employing evidence from Proto-Min, reconstructs Old Chinese *s.turʔ and compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *twəj (“to flow; to suppurate”), which is likely related to *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (“water; fluid; to soak; to be wet”) (STEDT). Like Gong (1995), Sagart (2017) compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu), but he also compares it to , Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *thejᴬ, all of which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s. Handel deems derivations from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju or *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s unlikely because of phonological issues (STEDT).

Definitions

水

2. water (Класификатор: 瓶 m; 樽 c; 滴 m c; 池 m c; 盆 m c; 杯 m c)

   請給我一杯水，謝謝。 [MSC, trad.]
   请给我一杯水，谢谢。 [MSC, simp.]

   Qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shuǐ, xièxiè. [Pinyin]

   A glass of water, please.

3. liquid; potion; juice

   口水  ―  kǒushuǐ  ―  saliva

   羊水  ―  yángshuǐ  ―  amniotic fluid

   眼藥水／眼药水  ―  yǎnyàoshuǐ  ―  eyedrop

4. (colloquial, chiefly Singapore, Malaysia) Synonym of 飲料／饮料 (“beverage”).

   要叫什麼水？／要叫什么水？  ―  Yào jiào shénme shuǐ?  ―  What beverage do you want to order?

   欲叫什物水？ [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]

   Beh kiò sím物 chúi? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   What beverage do you want to order?

6. (archaic) river

   漢水／汉水  ―  Hànshuǐ  ―  the Han River

7. body of water

   水路  ―  shuǐlù  ―  waterway

   三面環水／三面环水  ―  sān miàn huán shuǐ  ―  to be surrounded by (bodies of) water on three sides

8. flood

   發水／发水  ―  fāshuǐ  ―  to flood

9. additional cost or income
10. (dialectal) rain
11. (Cantonese) money (Класификатор: 嚿)

    磅水 [Cantonese]  ―  bong⁶ seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  to pay

    掠水 [Cantonese]  ―  loek^6-1 seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  to obtain money dishonestly

    三嚿水 [Cantonese]  ―  saam¹ gau⁶ seoi² [Jyutping]  ―  three hundred dollars

12. to swim

    水性  ―  shuǐxìng  ―  swimming ability

    • 假舟楫者，非能水也，而絕江河。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

      Jiǎ zhōují zhě, fēi néng shuǐ yě, ér jué jiānghé. [Pinyin]

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

13. (colloquial) lacking substance or power; worthless

    這裡的大學太水了。 [MSC, trad.]
    这里的大学太水了。 [MSC, simp.]

    Zhèlǐ de dàxué tài shuǐ le. [Pinyin]

    The universities here are too weak.

14. Short for 划水 (“to shirk; to slack off”).
15. one of the five elements of Wu Xing (五行)
16. (colloquial) Classifier for the number of times clothing was washed.
17. Sui people

    水書／水书  ―  shuǐshū  ―  Shuishu (the traditional writing system of the Sui people)

19. A презиме​..

Synonyms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Кинески).

Compounds

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Кинески).

Descendants

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Кинески).

Etymology 2

За изговор и дефиниције од 水 – види 媠 (“Min Nan: pretty; beautiful”). (Овај character, 水, је a variant облик од 媠.)

References

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Кинески).
• Шаблон:R:zh:SinicaGlyph

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Јапански

Kanji

Readings

• Go-on: すい (sui, Jōyō)^{←すい (sui, historical)←すゐ (swi, ancient)}
• Kan-on: すい (sui, Jōyō)^{←すい (sui, historical)←すゐ (swi, ancient)}
• Kun: みず (mizu, 水, Jōyō)^{←みづ (midu, 水, historical)}
• Nanori: うず (uzu); ずみ (zumi); たいら (taira)^{←たひら (tafira, historical)}; つ (tsu); ど (do); な (na); なか (naka); み (mi); みさ (misa); みつ (mitsu); みな (mina); みん (min); ゆ (yu); ゆく (yuku)

Compounds

• Види 水/изведени термини § Kanji.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
水
みず Степен: 1
kun'yomi

⟨mi₁du⟩ → */mʲidu/ → /mid͡zu/ → /mizu/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mentu. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly cognate with 瑞 (mizu, “freshness, youth”).

Possible cognate with Proto-Tungusic *mū, Jurchen 木克 (mu-ke /⁠muke⁠/), Manchu ᠮᡠᡴᡝ, Goguryeo 買 (*me, “river; water”), Монголски мөрөн (mörön, “river”), Корејски 물 (mul, “water”).

Pronunciation

• () みず [mìzú] (Heiban – [0])
• МФА^(кључ): [mʲizɨᵝ]

Noun

水(みず) (mizu) ^{←みづ (midu)?}

1. water Галицијски

   Синоними: ウオーター (uōtā), ウォーター (wōtā), (Tsugaru) がっこ (gakko)

   Антоним: 湯 (yu, specifically meaning "hot water")

2. drinking water

   Синоними: 飲水 (insui, nomimizu), 飲用水 (in'yōsui), 飲料水 (inryōsui)

3. a fluid, liquid

   Синоним: 液体 (ekitai)

4. a flood

   Синоними: 大水 (ōmizu), 洪水 (kōzui), 出水 (shussui)

5. (sumo) Short for 水入り (mizuiri): halting
6. (sumo) Short for 力水 (chikara mizu): water offered to sumo wrestlers before a bout

Usage notes

Note that, while mizu is the most general Japanese term for “water”, it does refer specifically to “water that is not hot”. Meanwhile, the word 湯 (yu) refers specifically to “hot water”. Consider 水風呂 (mizu-buro, “cold-water bath”), contrasting with 風呂 (furo, “bath”, implying hot water).

Derived terms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Јапански).

Idioms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Јапански).

Proverbs

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Јапански).

Prefix

水(みず) or 水(prefix) (mizu or prefix) ^{←みづ (midu)?}[[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|みす]]

1. water

Derived terms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Water (Prefix).

Proper noun

水(みず) (Mizu) ^{←みづ (midu)?}

2. a презиме​.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
水
み Степен: 1
kun'yomi

⟨mi₁⟩ → */mʲi/ → /mi/

From Old Japanese.

Typically found in compounds.

Affix

水(み) (mi) 

1. Combining form of みず (mizu) above

Derived terms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Combining form.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
水
すい Степен: 1
on'yomi

/ɕuwi/ → */suwi/ → /sui/

From Middle Chinese 水.

Compare modern Мандарин 水 (shuǐ), modern Hakka 水 (súi).

Pronunciation

• () すい [súꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• МФА^(кључ): [sɨᵝi]

Noun

水(すい) (sui) 

1. water: one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine
2. Short for 水曜日 (suiyōbi): Wednesday
3. shaved ice served with flavored syrup

   Синоним: 氷水 (kōrimizu)

Affix

水(すい) (sui) 

1. water
2. body of water
3. fluid, liquid
4. Short for 水素 (suiso): hydrogen

Derived terms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Water (element).

Proper noun

水(すい) (Sui) 

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
水
もい Степен: 1
irregular

⟨mopi₁⟩ → */mopʲi/ → /moɸi/ → /mowi/ → /moi/

From Old Japanese. Via metonymy from the word 椀, 盌 (moi, “bowl”), from the meaning of “that which goes in the 椀, 盌 (moi, “bowl”)”.

Pronunciation

• МФА^(кључ): [mo̞i]

Noun

水(もい) (moi) ^{←もひ (mofi)?}

1. (obsolete) drinking water

Derived terms

• 水(もい)取(とり), 主水(もいとり) (moitori)

See also

• 氷(こおり) (kōri, “ice”)
• 湯(ゆ) (yu, “hot water”)

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Корејски

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 水.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᄉᆔᆼ〯 (Yale: syǔy)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1]	믈〮 (Yale: múl)	슈〮 (Yale: syú)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(кључ): [sʰu]
• Phonetic hangul: [수]

Hanja

Wikisource

水 (eumhun 물 수 (mul su))

1. Hanja form^? of 수 (“water”).
2. Hanja form^? of 수 (“Short for 수요일(水曜日) (suyoil, “Wednesday”).”).

Compounds

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Корејски).

References

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Корејски).

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Lama Bai

Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

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Miyako

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Pronunciation

• МФА^{([[wikipedia:Шаблон:langname-lite/unknowncode phonology|key]])}: [mid͡zz̩][[Категорија:Шаблон:langname-lite/unknowncode термини са МФА изговором]]

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

References

• Види 水/изведени термини § Water (Miyako).

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Northern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

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Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

References

• Шаблон:R:JLect

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Okinawan

Kanji

水

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: しー (shī)
• Kun: みじ (miji, 水)

Compounds

• Види 水/изведени термини § Kanji (Okinawan).

Etymology

From earlier 水 (midu → midzu → mizu), attested in 1711 in the 混効験集 (Konkōkenshū), itself from Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

The word underwent a pronunciation change due to the shifting of /u/ to /i/ after alveolar consonants.

Cognate with Јапански 水 (mizu), Old Japanese 水 (mi₁du).

Pronunciation

• (Shuri-Naha) み​じ[míꜜd͡ʑì] (Kakō - [1])
• МФА^{([[wikipedia:Шаблон:langname-lite/unknowncode phonology|key]])}: [mid͡ʑi][[Категорија:Шаблон:langname-lite/unknowncode термини са МФА изговором]]

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

Derived terms

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Okinawan).

References

• Шаблон:R:JLect

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Southern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

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Southern Bai

Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

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Вијетнамски

Han character

水: Hán Việt readings: thủy-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel/thuỷ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel (式(thức)軌(quỹ)切(thiết))
水: Nôm readings: thủy-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd/thuỷ-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd, nước-tdcntd

1. Hán tự form of thuỷ, “water”
2. (uncommon) Nôm form of nước (“water”).

Compounds

• Види 水/изведени термини § Вода (Вијетнамски).

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Yonaguni

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly also related to Корејски 물 (mul), Middle Korean 밀 (mil, “water”).

Pronunciation

• МФА^{([[wikipedia:Шаблон:langname-lite/unknowncode phonology|key]])}: [miŋ][[Категорија:Шаблон:langname-lite/unknowncode термини са МФА изговором]]

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

References

• Види 水/изведени термини § Water (Yonaguni).

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Yoron

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly also related to Корејски 물 (mul), Middle Korean 밀 (mil, “water”).

Noun

水 (Шаблон:head-lite/formШаблон:head-lite/form)

1. water

References

• Види 水/изведени термини § Water (Yoron).