正

Такође погледајте: 企, 疋, 辵, и 乏

正 U+6B63, 正 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B63 ← 止 [U+6B62] ЦЈК јединствени идеограми 此 → [U+6B64]

𝍶 U+1D376, 𝍶 IDEOGRAPHIC TALLY MARK FIVE ← 𝍵 [U+1D375] Counting Rod Numerals 𝍷 → [U+1D377]

међународно

Редослед писања

Редослед писања

Alternative forms

As a component of some complex characters, 正 is often written as 𤴓 with its last two strokes different. Compare 昰 and 是.

Han character

正 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一卜中一 (MYLM), четири-угла 1010₁, composition ⿱一止)

1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №31

Usage notes

• (tally marks, 5): The successive strokes of 正 () are used in China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea and other areas where Chinese characters are prominent to designate tallies in votes, scores, points, sushi orders, and the like, much as is used in Africa, the Americas, Australia, and Europe. Tallies beyond five are written with a 正 for each group of five, followed by the remainder. For example, a tally of twelve is written as 正正丅.

Derived characters

• 征, 定, 昰, 是, 症, 整, 焉

References

• KangXi: page 574, карактер 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 16255
• Dae Jaweon: страна 962, карактер 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 2, страна 1436, карактер 1
• Unihan data за U+6B63

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Кинески

simp. and trad.		正
alternative forms		疋 𤴓 㱏 𣥔 𧾸 疋 𤴓 㱏 𣥔 𧾸 𠙺

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 正
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (正) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
綻
淀
靛
症
竀
征
怔
正
鉦
鴊
眐
佂
整
政
証
定
顁
錠
掟

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 止 (“foot”) – to go on a long journey. Original form of 征 (“to go on long campaign”).

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan or area word: “centre; target; first (month); straight; correct”.

Compare Mizo dîng (“to go straight or direct (as person, arrow etc.); to go straight through without breaking the journey; straight; direct”). Matisoff sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tjak/ŋ ~ tik/ŋ (“good; very; real; straight”) for this, which includes 正, 直 (“straight; right”) and 實 (“solid; true”).

Additionally, Matisoff has Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(r)waŋ (“straight; straighten”), whence Chepang धेङ्‌सा (dʰeŋ-, “straight”), Jingpho ding (“straight”), Тибетански དྲང་པོ (drang po, “straight; correct; upright; just; fair”), Бурмански တန်း (tan:, “straight; to head straight for”). Also compare Khmer ទៀង (tiəng, “accurate; correct; exact; precise; honest”).

Derivatives:

• 征 (“to go straight > to go on a journey”)
• 政 (“correct; to govern; government; to determine”)
• 整 (“orderly; to arrange; to dispose”)

Pronunciation 2 for the month's name results from the historical avoidance of the taboo on its homophone 政, which was the given name of Qin Shi Huang ([1]).

Pronunciation 1

• Мандарин

  (Стандард)

  (Пинјин): zhèng (zheng⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): zen⁴

• Кантонски (Jyutping): zeng³, zing³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chang / chṳn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zang⁴ / zen⁴

• Min Dong (BUC): ciáng / céng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chiàⁿ / chèng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zian³

• Wu (Wiktionary): tsen (T2)

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• Мандарин
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Пинјин: zhèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenq
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhèng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng4
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zen⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zen
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡sən²¹³/
• Кантонски
  • (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zeng³, zing³
    • Yale: jeng, jing
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzeng³, dzing³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zéng³, jing³
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡sɛːŋ³³/, /t͡sɪŋ³³/

Нота:

• zeng3 - vernacular;
• zing3 - literary.

Hakka

• (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chang / chṳn
  • Hakka Romanization System: zang / ziin
  • Hagfa Pinyim: zang⁴ / zin⁴
  • IPA: /t͡saŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sɨn⁵⁵/
• (Meixian)
  • Guangdong: zang⁴ / zen⁴
  • IPA: /t͡saŋ⁵³/, /t͡sən⁵³/

Нота:

• chang/zang4 - vernacular;
• chṳn/zen4 - literary.

Min Dong

• (Fuzhou)
  • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciáng / céng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɑŋ²¹³/, /t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/

Нота:

• ciáng - vernacular;
• céng - literary.

Мин Нан

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàⁿ
  • Tâi-lô: tsiànn
  • Phofsit Daibuun: cviax
  • МФА (Taipei): /t͡ɕiã¹¹/
  • МФА (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕiã⁴¹/
  • МФА (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /t͡ɕiã²¹/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng
  • Tâi-lô: tsìng
  • Phofsit Daibuun: zexng
  • МФА (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴¹/
  • МФА (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²¹/
  • МФА (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɪŋ¹¹/

Нота:

• chiàⁿ - vernacular;
• chèng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zian³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiàⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sĩã²¹³/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: tsen (T2)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡səɲ³⁴/

Definitions

正

1. straight; upright in proper position; middle

   正門 / 正门  ―  zhèngmén  ―  front door

   把畫掛正。 / 把画挂正。  ―  Bǎ huà guà zhèng.  ―  Hang the painting straight.

   Antonym: 歪

2. right; proper; correct; upright

   正路  ―  zhènglù  ―  right way; correct path

   正派  ―  zhèngpài  ―  decent; upright; proper

   公正  ―  gōngzhèng  ―  just; fair

   他作風不正。 / 他作风不正。  ―  Tā zuòfēng bù zhèng.  ―  He behaves with impropriety.

   行得正企得正 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   haang⁴ dak¹ zeng³ kei⁵ dak¹ zeng³ [Jyutping]

   to act in a proper manner

3. obverse; right

   25美分硬幣的正面是華盛頓總統的頭像。 [MSC, trad.]
   25美分硬币的正面是华盛顿总统的头像。 [MSC, simp.]

   25 měifēn yìngbì de zhèngmiàn shì Huáshèngdùn zǒngtǒng de tóuxiàng. [Pinyin]

   The obverse of a quarter shows the profile of George Washington.

   Antonym: 反

4. regular; standard

   正規 / 正规  ―  zhèngguī  ―  regular; standard

   正楷  ―  zhèngkǎi  ―  regular script

5. precisely; directly; perfectly

   正前方  ―  zhèng qiánfāng  ―  straight ahead

   正南  ―  zhèng nán  ―  due south

6. primary; chief; main

   正文  ―  zhèngwén  ―  main body

   正副主任  ―  zhèng fù zhǔrèn  ―  director and deputy director

7. pure; unmixed; authentic; true

   正紅色 / 正红色  ―  zhèng hóngsè  ―  pure red

8. pretty; attractive; beautiful
9. (Cantonese) awesome; fantastic

   依間餐廳正呀！ [Cantonese, trad.]
   依间餐厅正呀！ [Cantonese, simp.]

   ji¹ gaan¹ caan¹ teng¹ zeng³ aa³! [Jyutping]

   This restaurant is awesome!

10. just now; right now; in the process of

    我正等著呢。 / 我正等着呢。  ―  Wǒ zhèng děng zhe ne.  ―  I'm waiting.

    外面正在下雪。  ―  Wàimiàn zhèngzài xiàxuě.  ―  It's snowing outside.

    那時候我正在上海讀書。 [MSC, trad.]
    那时候我正在上海读书。 [MSC, simp.]

    Nà shíhòu wǒ zhèng zài Shànghǎi dúshū. [Pinyin]

    At that time I was studying in Shanghai

11. just; exactly; precisely

    正如你剛才說的。 / 正如你刚才说的。  ―  Zhèngrú nǐ gāngcái shuō de.  ―  Just as you have said just now

12. to straighten; to make straight

    把帽子正一正  ―  bǎ màozǐ zhèng yī zhèng  ―  to straighten out one’s hat

    • 君子正其衣冠，尊其瞻視，儼然人望而畏之，斯不亦威而不猛乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      君子正其衣冠，尊其瞻视，俨然人望而畏之，斯不亦威而不猛乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

      Jūnzǐ zhèng qí yīguān, zūn qí zhānshì, yǎnrán rén wàng ér wèi zhī, sī bù yì wēi ér bù měng hū? [Pinyin]

      He adjusts his clothes and cap, and throws a dignity into his looks, so that, thus dignified, he is looked at with awe - is not this to be majestic without being fierce?

13. to make right; to rectify; to correct

    正音  ―  zhèngyīn  ―  to correct one's pronunciation

14. (numeral) ten duodecillion(10⁴⁰)
15. (mathematics) regular

    正六邊形 / 正六边形  ―  zhèng liùbiānxíng  ―  regular hexagon

    正四面體 / 正四面体  ―  zhèng sìmiàntǐ  ―  regular tetrahedron

16. (mathematics) positive; plus

    正整數 / 正整数  ―  zhèng zhěngshù  ―  positive integer

17. (physics) positive

    正極 / 正极  ―  zhèngjí  ―  positive pole

18. (time) sharp; on the dot

    正午  ―  zhèngwǔ  ―  noon

    而家係五點正。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    而家系五点正。 [Cantonese, simp.]

    ji⁴ gaa¹ hai⁶ ng⁵ dim² zing³. [Jyutping]

    It is precisely 5 o'clock.

19. (Hakka, Teochew) only; merely
20. (Hakka, Teochew) just; just now
21. (Hakka, Teochew) only then; only after
22. (Hakka, Teochew) Used to emphasize that something is/is not.
23. (Min Nan) right (direction)
24. A презиме​..
25. (tally marks) five (successive strokes of 正 are added in writing sequence to tally a count of five per character)

Synonyms

• The dial-syn page 「右」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

Antonyms

• (right): (Min Nan) 倒 (tò, “left”)

Compounds

See 正/derived terms § Chinese pronunciation 1.

See also

Chinese numerals
104	108	1012	1016	1020	1024	1028	1032	1036	1040	1044	1048
萬／万 (wàn)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan)	京 (jīng) (Taiwan)	垓	秭	穰	溝／沟	澗／涧	正 (zhèng)	載／载	極／极
		萬億／万亿 (wànyì) (Mainland China)	億億/亿亿 (Mainland China)

Pronunciation 2

• Мандарин

  (Пинјин): zhēng (zheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ

• Кантонски (Jyutping): zing¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): châng
• Min Dong (BUC): ciăng / cĭng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chiaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zian¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): tsen (T1)

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• Мандарин
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Пинјин: zhēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng1
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Кантонски
  • (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zing¹
    • Yale: jīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jing¹
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: châng
    • Hakka Romanization System: zang´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zang¹
    • IPA: /t͡saŋ²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciăng / cĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/

Нота:

• ciăng - vernacular;
• cĭng - literary.

Мин Нан

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiaⁿ
  • Tâi-lô: tsiann
  • Phofsit Daibuun: cviaf
  • МФА (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡ɕiã³³/
  • МФА (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zian¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiaⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sĩã³³/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: tsen (T1)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡səɲ⁵³/

Definitions

正

1. first (month of the lunar year)

   新正  ―  xīnzhēng  ―  first month of the lunar new year

2. ^† bull's eye; centre of target
3. ^† target; goal
4. ^† Original form of 征 (“to levy”).
5. ^† Original form of 征 (“to go on a punitive expedition”).

Compounds

See 正/derived terms § Chinese pronunciation 2.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (正):

• Japanese: 正(しょう) (shō); 正(せい) (sei)
• Korean: 정 (正, jeong)
• Vietnamese: chính (正), chánh (正)

Others:

• Lao: ຈຽງ (chīang, “first month of the lunar year”)
• Lü: ᦵᦈᧂ (ṫseng, “first month in Dai lunar calendar, starting in November”)
• Northern Thai: ᨠ᩠ᨿᨦ (“first month of the lunar year”)
• Shan: ၸဵင် (tsěng, “first month of the Shan year, starting December-January”)
• Ahom: 𑜋𑜢𑜂𑜫 (ching, “first month of the lunar year”)
• Вијетнамски: giêng (“first month of the Vietnamese lunar year, starting January-February”)

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Јапански

Kanji

正

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
• Kun: ただしい (tadashii, 正しい, Jōyō); ただす (tadasu, 正す, Jōyō); まさ (masa, 正, Jōyō); まさに (masani, 正に)
• Nanori: おお (ō); くに (kuni); ま (ma); まさし (masashi); ただし (tadashi)

Compounds

See 正/derived terms § Japanese.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 正(せい)史(し) (seishi)
• 正(せい)義(ぎ) (seigi)
• 正(せい)確(かく) (seikaku)
• 正(せい)眼(がん) (seigan)
• 正(せい)鵠(こく) (seikoku)
• 正(せい)式(しき) (seishiki)
• 正(せい)規(き) (seiki)
• 正(せい)解(かい) (seikai)
• 正(せい)史(し) (seishi)
• 正(せい)使(し) (seishi)
• 正(せい)視(し) (seishi)
• 正(せい)書(しょ) (seisho)
• 正(せい)字(じ) (seiji)
• 正(せい)邪(じゃ) (seija)
• 正(せい)常(じょう) (seijō)
• 正(せい)数(すう) (seisū)
• 正(せい)々(せい)堂(どう)々(どう) (seiseidōdō)
• 正(せい)則(そく) (seisoku)
• 正(せい)道(どう) (seidō)
• 正(せい)犯(はん) (seihan)
• 正(せい)否(ひ) (seihi)
• 正(せい)比(ひ)例(れい) (seihirei)
• 正(せい)文(ぶん) (seibun)
• 正(せい)論(ろん) (seiron)

Etymology 1

Kanji за овај терм
正
せい Степен: 1
kan’on

Noun

正(せい) (sei) 

1. correctness

Pronoun

正(せい) (sei) 

1. 生: (humble) I or me, the first person singular (used by males)

Numeral

正(せい) (sei) 

1. A number of ten-duodecillion(10⁴⁰) in modern Japanese since 17th century.
2. 5, as tally marks. Similar to four vertical lines followed by a slanted horizontal line crossing through them, this character is used to count to 5 stroke by stroke. Thus this kanji written up to the third stroke represents 3. After the fifth and final stroke, when this character is completed, one starts writing this character again to count to higher numbers.

Etymology 2

Kanji за овај терм
正
しょう Степен: 1
goon

Prefix

正(しょう) (shō-) 

1. (historical) "senior" ranking for 位 (-i, “Japanese courtier rank”)

   Antonym: 従 (ju-)

   正(しょう)一(いち)位(い)

   shōichii

   senior rank 1

   正(しょう)三(さん)位(み)

   shōsanmi

   senior rank 3

   正(しょう)九(く)位(い)

   shōkui

   senior rank 9

2. 正: exactly (of a number)

Adjective

正(しょう) (shō) -na (adnominal 正(しょう)な (shō na), adverbial 正(しょう)に (shō ni))

1. proper; straight, direct; genuine, true

Numeral

Kanji за овај терм
正
しょう Степен: 1
on’yomi

正(しょう) (shō) 

1. ten-duodecillion(10⁴⁰)

Etymology 3

Proper noun

Kanji за овај терм
正
ただし Степен: 1
nanori

Kanji за овај терм
正
まさし Степен: 1
nanori

正(まさし) or 正(ただし) (masashi or tadashi) 

1. A male given name

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Корејски

Etymology 1

From Средњи Кинески 正.

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 져ᇰ〮 (Yale: cyéng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Шаблон:hanja-sinjeung

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [정(ː)]
  • Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

正 (eumhun 바를 정 (bareul jeong))

1. Hanja form^? of 정 (“straight; upright; erect”).

Compounds

See 正/derived terms § Korean etymology 1.

Etymology 2

From Средњи Кинески 正.

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 져ᇰ (Yale: cyeng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [정]

Hanja

正 (eumhun 정월(正月) 정 (jeong'wol jeong))

1. Hanja form^? of 정 (“first (month of the lunar year)”).
2. Hanja form^? of 정 (“target”).

Compounds

See 正/derived terms § Korean etymology 2.

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

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Вијетнамски

Han character

正: Hán Việt readings: chinh (之(chi)盛(thịnh)切(thiết)), chánh-gdhn;bonet, chính-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel
正: Nôm readings: chánh-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel, chênh-gdhn, chính-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;taberd, chếnh-gdhn;btcn;bonet;genibrel;taberd, chiếng-tdcndg, chỉnh-gdhn, giêng-gdhn

1. Hán tự form of chánh, “chief; head”
2. Hán tự form of chính, “main; major, chief; just, righteous”
3. Nôm form of chếnh.

Derived terms

See 正/derived terms § Vietnamese.

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正 (кинески)

Објашњење.

Изговор:

пинјин: zhèng  

Аудио:

(датотека)

Радикал:

止 077

Значења:

...

Примери:

1. 5 這正是　神公義判斷的明證．叫你們可算配得　神的國、你們就是為這國受苦。
   1. 5 Zhè zhèng shì shén gōngyì pànduàn de míngzhèng. Jiào nǐmen kěsuàn pèi de shén de guó, nǐmen jiùshì wèi zhè guó shòukǔ.
      1. 5. За знак праведног суда Божјег да се удостојите царства Божјег, за које и страдате.
         1. Псал. 9:7, Псал. 33:5, Лука 20:35, Лука 21:13, Откр. 3:4
            1. 4 6

Синоними:

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Хомофони:

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Хомографи:

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ХСК ниво:

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Асоцијације:

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Изведене речи:

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Сродни чланци са Википедије:

正

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