在

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Gw u5728.svg
在 U+5728, 在
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5728
← 圧
[U+5727] 		ЦЈК јединствени идеограми 圩 →
[U+5729]
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Han character

在 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大中土 (KLG), четири-угла 40214, composition ⿸𠂇⿰丨土)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: не постоји, would follow page 224, карактер 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 4881
  • Dae Jaweon: страна 455, карактер 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: том 1, страна 418, карактер 7
  • Unihan data за U+5728

Further reading

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Кинески


Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 在
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
在-oracle.svg 在-bronze-spring.svg 在-slip.svg 在-seal.svg 在-bigseal.svg 在-clerical.svg
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (才) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Стари Кинески
茬
材
才
財
鼒
在
豺

Phonetic compound (): phonetic 才 + phonetic 士.

Now phono-semantic compound (形聲): phonetic 才 + semantic 土 (“earth”).

在 was often visually identical to 才 (“sprout”) in the oracle bone script and some of the bronze inscriptions. It may be either a phonetic loan or a figurative derivative.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 在
alternative forms
 
扗
才 ancient
抂
𡉄
𡉈
扗
才 ancient
抂
𡉄
𡉈
𡉠
𥩴

Probably related to 栽 (“to plant”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Ова etymology је некомплетна. Можете да помогнете Викиречнику тако што ћете разрадити извор овог израза .

Pronunciation

Нота: de4 - modal particle.
Нота:
  • Sixian:
    • chhai - literary;
    • chhôi - colloquial;
    • ti/tu/tui/to/chhi/thê/thî/tî/chhî/chhô/chhok - colloquial (probably substitute).
  • Meixian:
    • cai4 - literary;
    • coi1 - colloquial;
    • hoi1/hoi4 - colloquial (preposition, also written as 嗨 or 喺).
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Мин Нан
    • Нота: dō - Zhao'an.
    Нота:
    • do6 - colloquial;
    • zai6 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Нота:
    • dou5 - colloquial (preposition);
    • zai5 - colloquial;
    • zai4 - literary.

    Definitions

    在

    1. to exist; to be alive
      在嗎？ / 在吗？  ―  Zài ma?  ―  Are you here?
    2. to be at; to be in; to be located
      他在哪裡？ / 他在哪里？  ―  Tā zài nǎlǐ?  ―  Where is he?
      旅館在新購物中心附近。 [MSC, trad.]
      旅馆在新购物中心附近。 [MSC, simp.]
      Lǚguǎn zài xīn gòuwù zhōngxīn fùjìn. [Pinyin]
      The hotel is located near the new shopping center.
      我在只塊。 / 我在只块。 [Teochew]  ―  ua2 do6 zi2 go3. [Peng'im]  ―  I am here.
    3. be ...-ing; in the middle of doing something (indicating an action in progress)
      我在看電視。 / 我在看电视。  ―  Wǒ zài kàn diànshì.  ―  I'm watching TV.
      他在吃米飯。 / 他在吃米饭。  ―  Tā zài chī mǐfàn.  ―  He's eating rice.
      我在食飯。 / 我在食饭。 [Teochew]  ―  ua2 do6 ziah8 beng7. [Peng'im]  ―  I am eating.
    4. (located) in; at
      我住在中國。 / 我住在中国。  ―  Wǒ zhù zài Zhōngguó.  ―  I live in China.
      我們在當地報紙上登了一則廣告。 [MSC, trad.]
      我们在当地报纸上登了一则广告。 [MSC, simp.]
      Wǒmen zài dāngdì bàozhǐ shàng dēng le yī zé guǎnggào. [Pinyin]
      We put an ad in the local paper.
      每天下午他在家裡工作。 [MSC, trad.]
      每天下午他在家里工作。 [MSC, simp.]
      Měitiān xiàwǔ tā zài jiālǐ gōngzuò. [Pinyin]
      Every afternoon he works at home.
    5. during; in
      你打算在假期裡做什麼？ [MSC, trad.]
      你打算在假期里做什么？ [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐ dǎsuàn zài jiàqī lǐ zuò shénme? [Pinyin]
      What do you plan to do during the holidays?
      他的日記在他生前未曾發表過。 [MSC, trad.]
      他的日记在他生前未曾发表过。 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā de rìjì zài tā shēngqián wèicéng fābiǎo guò. [Pinyin]
      His diary was not published during his lifetime.
    6. to lie in; to rest with
      事在人為 / 事在人为  ―  shìzàirénwéi  ―  human effort can achieve everything;
      成功貴在堅持。 / 成功贵在坚持。  ―  Chénggōng guì zài jiānchí.  ―  Perseverance is vital to success.
      去不去在你自己。  ―  Qù bù qù zài nǐ zìjǐ.  ―  It's up to you whether to go or not.
    7. to be at the post
      在職 / 在职  ―  zàizhí  ―  to be on the job; to be at one's post
      在野  ―  zàiyě  ―  to be out of office
    8. Шаблон:zh-misspelling of
    9. A презиме​..
    Synonyms
    edit
    Compounds
    Изведени термини од 在

    Etymology 2

    simp. and trad.
    		 在

    Pronunciation

    Definitions

    在

    1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of 佇／伫 (“at, in”).

    References

    Flag of Japan.svg Јапански


    Kanji

    在

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings

    Compounds

    Noun

    在(ざい) (zai) 

    1. Clipping of 在郷 (zaigō): countryside or outskirts

    Prefix

    在(ざい) (zai-) 

    1. residing in

    Hangugeo-Chosonmal.png Корејски


    Hanja

    在 (eumhun 있을 재 (isseul jae))

    1. Hanja form? of 재 (“exist”).

    Compounds

    Old Korean

    Alternative forms

    Verb

    在 (*KYE-)

    1. to exist, to be at
      Синоним: 有叱 (*Is-)
    2. A common auxiliary verb or (more probably) verbal suffix, usually thought to denote the completive aspect, i.e. describing an action which has been completed and remains in such a state. An alternative but minority hypothesis holds that it honored the subject of the verb to a moderate degree, whereas 賜 (*-si) was more highly honorific.

    Usage notes

    • In both senses, it appears to have been wholly supplanted by the Middle Korean stage by 有叱 (*Is-) > Middle Korean 잇다〮 (ìstá), which is already more common for the independent verbal sense in the early first millennium and is first attested as an auxiliary in 1262. The word is not found in Middle Korean outside the two derived terms given below.

    Reconstruction notes

    • Conventionally read as *KYE- because Middle Korean Idu script manuals, which commonly preserve Old Korean readings, read this character as 견 (kyen), which is clearly an inflected form with the realis gerund ㄴ (-n).
    • Although Old Korean writing does not mark pitch, the Middle Korean reflexes show rising pitch, which are the result of a merger of a low-pitch and high-pitch syllable. This means that the Old Korean verb stem was not in fact monosyllabic *kye- but really consisted of two syllables. However, this original pronunciation cannot be reconstructed.

    Descendants

    • ⇒ Middle Korean: 겨〯시다〮 (kyěsìtá, “to exist, to be at”, honorific)
    • ⇒ Middle Korean: 겨〯집 (kyěcìp, “woman”, literally “stay-at-home”)
      • Корејски: 계집 (gyejip)

    References

    • 이승재 (2001), “'"`UNIQtemplatestyles0000000AQINU`"'古고代대 吏이讀두의 尊존敬경法법 '在재[겨]'에 대하여 [On the deferential marker -kye- in Old Korean idu]”, in Eomun yeon-gu, volume 29, issue 4, pages 53—70
    • 남풍현 (2004), “시상의 조동사 '在/𠂇/겨'의 발달' [The development of the aspectual auxiliary kye-]”, in Gugeo gukmunhak, volume 138, pages 5—34

    Natively Vietnamese-speaking areas.png Вијетнамски


    Han character

    在: Hán Việt readings: tại
    在: Nôm readings: tại

    1. in

    在 (кинески)

    Објашњење.

    Изговор:

    пинјин: zài  
    Аудио: Loudspeaker.svg(датотека)
    Шаблон:zh-cir

    Радикал:

    土 32

    Значења:

    1. živeti
    2. biti, jeste
    3. u, na
    4. sada, trenutno

    Примери:

    1. 精神永在。 Duh će živeti zauvek.
    2. 你的书在桌子上。 Tvoja knjiga je na stolu.
    3. 我的父母在纽约。 Moji roditelji su u Njujorku.
    4. 他们在看电视。 Oni gledaju TV.

    Викицитати „Друга саборна посланица,светог апостола Јована Богослова”

    —
    1. 2 愛你們是為真理的緣故、這真理存在我們裡面、也必永遠與我們同在[1]．
      1. 2 Ài nǐmen shì wéi zhēnlǐ de yuángù, zhè zhēnlǐ cúnzài wǒmen lǐmiàn, yě bì yǒngyuǎn yǔ wǒmen tóng zài.
        1. 2. За истину која у нама стоји и биће с нама довека[2]:
          1. 1 3

    Синоними:

    ...


    Хомофони:

    Хомографи:

    ...

    ХСК ниво:

    1

    Асоцијације:

    ...

    Шаблон:mfl

    Изведене речи:


    Сродни чланци са Википедије:

    在


    Преводи

    • Француски:
    • Немачки:
    • Италијански:
    • Шпански:
    • Португалски:
    • Арапски:
    • Руски:
    • Грчки:
    • Бугарски:
    • Шведски:

    Референце

    • Collins Chinese Dictionary

    Шаблон:Kateg3 Шаблон:Kateg

    1. ↑ [JOHN II BOOK[1]]
    2. ↑ Друга саборна посланица светог апостола Јована Богослова[2]
    Преузето из „https://sr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=在&oldid=675710”