初

初 U+521D, 初 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-521D ← 刜 [U+521C] CJK Unified Ideographs 刞 → [U+521E]

međunarodno

Redosled pisanja

Han karakter

初 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中尸竹 (LSH), četiri-ugla 3722₀, composition ⿰衤刀)

Derived characters

• 𢮀, 𦁅, 𫋶, 𪯨, 𭝘, 𤙟, 𤯦, 𠸗, 𩷞, 𪁲, 𠠭

References

• KangXi: page 137, karakter 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 1911
• Dae Jaweon: strana 310, karakter 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 1, strana 327, karakter 22
• Unihan data za U+521D

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Jezici (4)

Okinawan • Old Japanese • Reference • Glava

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Strana kategorija

Kineski

jedn. and trad.		初
alternative forms		𥘉 𥝢 𠜆 𫢈 𢀯 𥘉 𥝢 𠜆 𫢈 𢀯 𢀰 𡔈 䥚 𠫎 𣦂

Glyph origin

Istorijski oblici karaktera 初
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 衤 (“clothes”) + 刀 (“knife; to cut”) – start making clothes by cutting the cloth.

The various 𢀰-shaped glyphs are or are evolved from Zetian characters.

Definitions

初

1. initial; inceptive

   初夏  ―  chūxià  ―  early summer

2. first

   初雪  ―  chūxuě  ―  first snow

   初三  ―  chūsān  ―  third day of a lunar month

   初戀／初恋  ―  chūliàn  ―  first love

3. original

   初衷  ―  chūzhōng  ―  one’s initial intention; original idea

4. elementary; basic

   初級／初级  ―  chūjí  ―  elementary

5. beginning; start

   四月初  ―  sìyuè chū  ―  early April

   民初  ―  mínchū  ―  beginning of the Republic of China era

6. just

   初出茅廬／初出茅庐  ―  chūchūmáolú  ―  to have just begun one's career without any experience (literally, “to have just come out of one's thatched cottage”)

   如夢初醒／如梦初醒  ―  rúmèngchūxǐng  ―  to suddenly realize; to wake up to reality (literally, “as if one has just waken up from a dream”)

   • 遙想公瑾當年，小喬初嫁了，雄姿英發。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     遥想公瑾当年，小乔初嫁了，雄姿英发。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1082, Su Shi, 念奴嬌·赤壁懷古

     Yáoxiǎng Gōngjǐn dāngnián, Xiǎoqiáo chū jià le, xióngzīyīngfā. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

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Japanski

Kanji

Readings

• Go-on: そ (so)
• Kan-on: しょ (sho, Jōyō)
• Kun: はじめ (hajime, 初め, Jōyō); はじめて (hajimete, 初めて, Jōyō); はつ (hatsu, 初, Jōyō); うい (ui, 初)^{←うひ (ufi, 初, historical)}; そめる (someru, 初める, Jōyō); うぶ (ubu, 初)
• Nanori: し (shi); もと (moto)

Compounds

• 最(さい)初(しょ) (saisho)
• 初瀬(はせ) (Hase)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
初
はつ Stepen: 4
kun'yomi

⟨patu⟩ → /ɸat͡su/ → /hat͡su/

From Old Japanese.

Possible cognates include 始め (hajime, “beginning”) and 端 (ha, “edge of something”).

Pronunciation

• () はつ [hàtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• MFA^(ključ): [ha̠t͡sɨᵝ]

Prefix

初(はつ) (hatsu-) 

1. the first..., initial..., new...

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini

• 初(はつ)雁(かり)が音(ね) (hatsu-karigane)
• 初(はつ)子(ご) (hatsugo)
• 初(はつ)恋(こい) (hatsukoi)
• 初(はつ)声(こえ) (hatsukoe)
• 初(はつ)霜(しも) (hatsushimo)
• 初(はつ)誕(たん)生(じょう) (hatsutanjō)
• 初(はつ)年(とし) (hatsutoshi)
• 初(はつ)月(つき) (hatsutsuki), 初(はつ)月(づき) (hatsuzuki)
• 初(はつ)夏(なつ) (hatsunatsu)
• 初(はつ)音(ね) (hatsune)
• 初(はつ)花(はな) (hatsuhana)
• 初(はつ)枕(まくら) (hatsumakura)
• 初(はつ)耳(みみ) (hatsumimi)
• 初(はつ)宮(みや)参(まい)り (hatsu-miyamairi)
• 初(はつ)物(もの) (hatsumono)
• 初(はつ)紅葉(もみじ) (hatsu-momiji)
• 初(はつ)雪(ゆき) (hatsuyuki)

Noun

初(はつ) (hatsu) 

1. a first, start, a beginning

   今年(ことし)初(はつ)のコンサート ― kotoshi hatsu no konsāto ― the first concert of this year

   Antonim: 末 (sue)

2. (slang) first sexual relations, one's first time

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini

• 御(お)初(はつ) (ohatsu)
• 泊瀬(はつせ), 初(はつ)瀬(せ) (Hatsuse)
• 初(はつ)値(ね) (hatsune)
• 初(はつ)子(ね)の日(ひ) (hatsu nenohi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
初
うい Stepen: 4
kun'yomi

/uɸi/ → /uwi/ → /ui/

Possibly cognate with 上 (ue, “above”) or classical verb 生ふ (ou, “to grow”).

Pronunciation

• () うい [úꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• MFA^(ključ): [ɯ̟ᵝi]

Noun

初(うい) (ui) ^{←うひ (ufi)?}

1. a first, start

Derived terms

• 初(うい)々(うい)しい (uiuishii)
• 初(うい)の子(こ) (ui no ko)

Prefix

初(うい) (ui-) ^{←うひ (ufi)?}

1. the first...

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini

• 初(うい)見(げん)参(ざん) (uigenzan)
• 初(うい)子(ご) (uigo)
• 初(うい)冠(こうぶり) (uikōburi)
• 初(うい)心(ごころ) (uigokoro)
• 初(うい)事(ごと) (uigoto)
• 初(うい)琴(ごと) (uigoto)
• 初(うい)言(ごと) (uigoto)
• 初(うい)陣(じん) (uijin)
• 初(うい)立(だ)ち (uidachi)
• 初(うい)立(だ)つ (uidatsu)
• 初(うい)他(た)火(び) (uitabi)
• 初(うい)花(ばな) (uibana)
• 初(うい)奉(ぼう)公(こう) (uibōkō)
• 初(うい)枕(まくら) (uimakura)
• 初(うい)学(まな)び (uimanabi)
• 初(うい)妻(め) (uime)
• 初(うい)裳(も) (uimo)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
初
うぶ Stepen: 4
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
初心

From stem up- cognate with ui (historical uhi) above. Cause of the shift in voicing is uncertain. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• () うぶ [úꜜbù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• MFA^(ključ): [ɯ̟ᵝbɯ̟ᵝ]

Adjective

初(うぶ) (ubu) 

1. innocent
2. inexperienced, green

Inflection

Inflection of 初

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	初だろ	うぶだろ	ubu daro
Continuative (連用形)	初で	うぶで	ubu de
Terminal (終止形)	初だ	うぶだ	ubu da
Attributive (連体形)	初な	うぶな	ubu na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	初なら	うぶなら	ubu nara
Imperative (命令形)	初であれ	うぶであれ	ubu de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	初ではない 初じゃない	うぶではない うぶじゃない	ubu de wa nai ubu ja nai
Informal past	初だった	うぶだった	ubu datta
Informal negative past	初ではなかった 初じゃなかった	うぶではなかった うぶじゃなかった	ubu de wa nakatta ubu ja nakatta
Formal	初です	うぶです	ubu desu
Formal negative	初ではありません 初じゃありません	うぶではありません うぶじゃありません	ubu de wa arimasen ubu ja arimasen
Formal past	初でした	うぶでした	ubu deshita
Formal negative past	初ではありませんでした 初じゃありませんでした	うぶではありませんでした うぶじゃありませんでした	ubu de wa arimasen deshita ubu ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	初で	うぶで	ubu de
Conditional	初なら（ば）	うぶなら（ば）	ubu nara (ba)
Provisional	初だったら	うぶだったら	ubu dattara
Volitional	初だろう	うぶだろう	ubu darō
Adverbial	初に	うぶに	ubu ni
Degree	初さ	うぶさ	ubusa

Derived terms

• 初(うぶ)い (ubui)
• 初(うぶ)刀(がたな) (ubugatana)
• 初(うぶ)声(ごえ) (ubugoe)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
初
しょ Stepen: 4
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 初.

Compare Min Nan 初 (chho͘).

Affix

初(しょ) (sho) 

1. beginning, start
2. first, initial

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini

• 初(しょ)夏(か) (shoka)
• 初(しょ)学(がく) (shogaku)
• 初(しょ)期(き) (shoki)
• 初(しょ)級(きゅう) (shokyū)
• 初(しょ)月(げつ) (shogetsu)
• 初(しょ)見(けん) (shoken)
• 初(しょ)婚(こん) (shokon)
• 初(しょ)春(しゅん) (shoshun)
• 初(しょ)秋(しゅう) (shoshū)
• 初(しょ)心(しん) (shoshin)
• 初(しょ)速(そく)度(ど) (shosokudo)
• 初(しょ)代(だい) (shodai)
• 初(しょ)対(たい)面(めん) (shotaimen)
• 初(しょ)冬(とう) (shotō)
• 初(しょ)頭(とう) (shotō)
• 初(しょ)七日(なぬか) (shonanuka), 初(しょ)七日(なのか) (shonanoka)
• 初(しょ)乳(にゅう) (shonyū)
• 初(しょ)任(にん) (shonin)
• 初(しょ)歩(ほ) (shoho)
• 最(さい)初(しょ) (saisho)
• 太(たい)初(しょ) (taisho)
• 当(とう)初(しょ) (tōsho)
• 年(ねん)初(しょ) (nensho)

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
初
そ(め) > ぞ(め) Stepen: 4
kun'yomi

Za izgovor i definicije 初 – see the following entry: 初め

(The following entry is uncreated: 初め.)

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
初
はじ(め) Stepen: 4
kun'yomi

Nominalization of 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”).

Proper noun

初(はじめ) (Hajime) 

1. a male dato ime

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Korejski

Hanja

初 (eumhun 처음 초 (cheo'eum cho))

1. Hanja form^? of 초 (“beginning; start”).

Compounds

• 초등학교 (初等學校, chodeunghakgyo, “elementary school”)
• 초보자 (初步者, choboja, “beginner”)

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Okinawan

Kanji

初

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Kun: はじみ (hajimi, 初み); はじみてぃ (hajimiti, 初みてぃ); はち (hachi, 初); うぃー (wī, 初); すみゆん (sumiyun, 初みゆん)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *patu.

Cognate with Japanski 初 (hatsu-).

Pronunciation

• MFA^(ključ): [hat͡ɕi]

Prefix

1. the first..., initial..., new...

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini

• 初 (はち)春 (はる) (hachiharu)
• 初 (はち)夏 (なち) (hachinachi)
• 初 (はち)七日 (なんか) (hachinanka)
• 初 (はち)物 (むん) (hachimun)

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Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *patu.

Possible cognates include 始め (pazime, “beginning”), 僅か (patuka, “faint”), and 端 (pa, “edge of something”).

Prefix

初 (patu-) (kana はつ)

1. the first..., initial..., new...

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini

• 初秋風 (patuaki₁kaze)
• 初聲 (patukowe)
• 泊瀨 (Patuse)
• 初垂り (patutari)
• 初鷹狩り (patu-to₂gari)
• 初土 (patuni)
• 初子 (patune)
• 初萩 (patupagi₂)
• 初花 (patupana)
• 初春 (patuparu)
• 初紅葉 (patu-momitiba)
• 初雪 (patuyuki₁)
• 初麻 (patuwo)
• 初尾花 (patuwobana)

Descendants

• Japanski: 初 (hatsu-)

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Vijetnamski

Han character

初: Hán Việt readings: sơ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn (楚(sở)徂(tồ)切(thiết))
初: Nôm readings: xưa-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;btcn;taberd, sơ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;taberd, xơ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn, thơ-tdcndg;gdhn;btcn, sờ-tdcndg

1. Hán tự form of sơ, “in the initial stage; primary; elementary”
2. Nôm form of xưa (“old; ancient; a long time ago”).

Compounds

• 初級 (sơ cấp)

 

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初 (kineski)

Objašnjenje.

Izgovor:

pinjin: chū  

Audio:

(datoteka)

Šablon:zh-cir

Radikal:

...

Značenja:

...

Primeri:

1 起初　神創造天地。

1. 1. 1 Qǐchū shén chuàngzào tiāndì.
      1. 1. U početku stvori Bog nebo i zemlju.

Sinonimi:

...

Homofoni:

...

Homografi:

...

HSK nivo:

...

Asocijacije:

...

Izvedene reči:

...

Srodni članci sa Vikipedije:

初

Prevodi

Engleski: Francuski: Nemački: Italijanski: Španski: Portugalski:

Arapski: Ruski: Srpski: [1] рано ☞sr Grčki: Bugarski: Švedski:

Glava

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