四
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Редослед писања | |||
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Han character
四 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田金 (WC), четири-угла 60210, composition ⿴囗⿰丿㇄(GHTV) or ⿴囗儿(JK))
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №503
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 216, карактер 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 4682
- Dae Jaweon: страна 439, карактер 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian: том 1, страна 710, карактер 16
- Unihan data за U+56DB
једн. and трад. |
四 | |
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алтернативне форме |
Glyph origin
Историјски облици карактера 四 | ||||||||||
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Shang | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | |||||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Shizhoupian script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (四) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Стари Кинески | |
訵 | |
四 | |
泗 | |
駟 | |
柶 | |
牭 | |
呬 |
The word "four" was written as 亖 before Western Zhou and 四 appeared in late Spring and Autumn period. This alternative form was used to prevent confusion of 亖 and 二 or 三 in vertical writing. It was standardized in Qin dynasty.
The bronzeware style of the character featured a repositioning of those four lines inside 口; this later evolved into the combination used today of 口 (“mouth”) and 八 (“divide”) which meant a dispersal of breath. It could thus be said that four is a borrowed meaning for this character. The original sense is preserved in 呬, by adding an extra 口.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ləj.
Pronunciation
Definitions
四
- four
- (music) la (musical note)
- (printing) English; The size of type between 小四 (little 4) and 小三 (little 3), standardized as 14 point.
Usage notes
As superstition, 四 is avoided because it is similar to 死 (“death”) in sound.
See also
Кинески бројеви | ||||||||||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇, 零 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
Playing cards in Кинески · 撲克牌/扑克牌 (pūkèpái) (layout · text) | ||||||
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尖兒/尖儿/尖儿/尖儿 | 二 (èr) | 三 | 四 (sì) | 五 | 六 | 七 |
八 (bā) | 九 (jiǔ) | 十 | 鉤兒/钩儿/钩儿/钩儿 | 圈兒/圈儿/圈儿/圈儿, 皮蛋 (regional) | K | 小王 (xiǎowáng, black), 大王 (red), 小鬼 (black), 大鬼 (red) |
Compounds
Descendants
Others:
Further reading
- “Entry #1418”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Kanji
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Readings
- Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
- Kun: よ (yo, 四, Jōyō); よつ (yotsu, 四つ, Jōyō); よっつ (yo'tsu, 四つ, Jōyō); よん (yon, 四, Jōyō)
- Nanori: あ (a); つ (tsu); ひろ (hiro); もち (mochi); よつ (yotsu)
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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四 |
よ Степен: 1 |
kun’yomi |
⟨yo2⟩ → */jə/ → /jo/
From Old Japanese.
In modern Japanese, Japonic よ (yo) is more common than Sinitic し (shi, see Etymology 3) outside fixed compounds, which is similar to 七 (nana) but different from other numerals. The reason may be a superstitious connection to 死 (shi), or simply avoiding confusion with similar sounding 一 (ichi) and 七 (shichi).
Pronunciation
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Numeral
四 (yo)
< 3 | 4 | 5 > |
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Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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四 |
よん Степен: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Shift from yo above,[1][2] influenced by analogy by the final sound of preceding number 三 (san, “three”). The most common form as a stand-alone number.
Pronunciation
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Numeral
四 (yon)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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四 |
し Степен: 1 |
on’yomi |
/si/ → /ɕi/
From Middle Chinese 四.
Alternative forms
- (financial form) 肆
Pronunciation
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Numeral
四 (shi)
Usage notes
Due to Chinese influence, 四 (shi) is sometimes avoided as it is homonymous to 死 (shi, “death”).
Derived terms
Noun
四 (shi)
- the fourth
Affix
四 (shi)
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
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四 |
すう Степен: 1 |
irregular |
From Mandarin 四 (sì).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
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Numeral
四 (sū)
Derived terms
See also
Бројеви на Јапанском | |||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
零 (rei) ゼロ (zero) |
一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) |
五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) |
八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) |
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
十 (jū) | 十一 (jūichi) | 十二 (jūni) | 十三 (jūsan) | 十四 (jūyon) 十四 (jūshi) |
十五 (jūgo) | 十六 (jūroku) | 十七 (jūnana) 十七 (jūshichi) |
十八 (jūhachi) | 十九 (jūkyū) 十九 (jūku) |
References
- The Japan Times (March 17, 2010). You can count on the tales behind number-kanji. Accessed March 23, 2010.
40 | ||
← 3 | 4 | 5 → |
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Native isol.: 넷 (net) Native attr.: 네 (ne), (dated) 넉 (neok), (archaic) 너 (neo) Sino-Korean: 사 (sa) Hanja: 四 Ordinal: 넷째 (netjjae) |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 四.
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰa̠(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
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Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Old Japanese
Etymology
From Proto-Japonic *yə.
Also used as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨yo2⟩.
Numeral
四 (yo2) (kana よ)
Derived terms
- 四人 (yo2tari)
Descendants
- Јапански: 四 (yo, yon)
Han character
四: Hán Việt readings: tứ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn
四: Nôm readings: tớ-tdcndg;tdcntd;btcn, tứ-tdcntd;gdhn, tư-btcn
Derived terms
References
- ЦЈК јединствени идеограми блок
- Међународни говор
- Међународни symbols
- Међународни terms with redundant head parameter
- Han char with multiple ids
- Хан текст карактери
- Shuowen radicals
- Кинески говор
- Кинески изрази наслеђени од Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Кинески појмови изведени из Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Мандарин појмови са аудио везама
- Кантонски појмови са аудио везама
- Кинески леме
- Мандарин леме
- Дунган леме
- Кантонски леме
- Taishanese леме
- Ган леме
- Hakka леме
- Jin леме
- Мин Беј леме
- Мин Донг леме
- Мин Нан леме
- Teochew леме
- Wu леме
- Xiang леме
- Кинески numerals
- Мандарин numerals
- Dungan numerals
- Кантонски numerals
- Taishanese numerals
- Gan numerals
- Hakka numerals
- Jin numerals
- Мин Беј numerals
- Мин Донг numerals
- Мин Нан numerals
- Teochew numerals
- Wu numerals
- Xiang numerals
- Кинески именице
- Мандарин именице
- Дунган именице
- Кантонски именице
- Taishanese именице
- Ган именице
- Hakka именице
- Jin именице
- Мин Беј именице
- Мин Донг именице
- Мин Нан именице
- Teochew именице
- Wu именице
- Xiang именице
- Кинески термини са ИПА изговором
- Кинески hanzi
- Кинески Хан карактериs
- zh:Music
- zh:Printing
- Кинески cardinal бројеви
- Requests for transliteration of Кинески terms
- zh:Карташке игре
- Референце шаблони којима недостаје насловни параметар
- zh:Beginning
- zh:Four
- Јапански индекс
- Terms with redundant transliterations
- Terms with redundant transliterations/ja
- Terms with manual transliterations different from the automated ones
- Terms with manual transliterations different from the automated ones/ja
- Јапански kanji with goon reading し
- Јапански kanji with kan'on reading し
- Јапански kanji with kun reading よ
- Јапански kanji with kun reading よ-つ
- Јапански kanji with kun reading よっ-つ
- Јапански kanji with kun reading よん
- Јапански kanji with nanori reading あ
- Јапански kanji with nanori reading つ
- Јапански kanji with nanori reading ひろ
- Јапански kanji with nanori reading もち
- Јапански kanji with nanori reading よつ
- Јапански terms spelled with 四 read as よ
- Јапански terms read with kun'yomi
- Јапански изрази наслеђени од Old Japanese
- Јапански појмови изведени из Old Japanese
- Јапански lemmas
- Јапански numerals
- Јапански terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Јапански terms written with one Han script character
- Јапански terms spelled with 四
- Јапански single-kanji terms
- Јапански terms spelled with 四 read as よん
- Јапански terms spelled with 四 read as し
- Јапански terms read with on'yomi
- Јапански појмови изведени из Middle Chinese
- Јапански именице
- Јапански affixes
- Јапански terms with irregular kanji readings
- Јапански термини позајмљени од Мандарин
- Јапански појмови изведени из Мандарин
- Terms with redundant transliterations/cmn
- Japanese numeral symbols
- Japanese numerals
- ja:Four
- Корејски говор
- Корејски појмови изведени из Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean Han characters
- Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable
- Korean numeral symbols
- Old Japanese изрази наслеђени од Proto-Japonic
- Old Japanese појмови изведени из Proto-Japonic
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese numerals
- Вијетнамски говор
- Vietnamese Han tu
- Vietnamese Nom
- Вијетнамски Ном