宇宙

Kineski

FWOTD – 5 November 2014

		room; universe	universe
jedn. and trad. (宇宙)		宇	宙

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宇宙

Etymology

(universe): Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanski 宇宙(うちゅう) (uchū).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinjin): yǔzhòu

(Zhuyin): ㄩˇ ㄓㄡˋ
Kantonski (Jyutping): jyu⁵ zau⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî-chhiu
Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̄-dêu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ú-tiǔ / ú-tiū / í-tiū

(Teochew, Peng'im): u² diu⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): hhy zeu (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinjin: yǔzhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˇ ㄓㄡˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeujow
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǔjhòu
  - Wade–Giles: yü³-chou⁴
  - Sinological MFA ^(key): /y²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
Kantonski
- (Standard Kantonski, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyu⁵ zau⁶
  - Yale: yúh jauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁵ dzau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁵ zeo⁶
  - Sinological MFA ^(key): /jyː¹³ t͡sɐu̯²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhiu
  - Hakka Romanization System: i´ qiu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ qiu⁴
  - IPA: /i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡ɕʰi̯u⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhiu
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i´ qiu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ qiu⁴
  - IPA: /(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡ɕʰi̯u⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̄-dêu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)liɛu²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ú-tiǔ
  - Tâi-lô: ú-tiǔ
  - MFA (Quanzhou): /u⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiu²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ú-tiū
  - Tâi-lô: ú-tiū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: w'diu
  - MFA (Taipei): /u⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiu³³/
  - MFA (Xiamen): /u⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiu²²/
  - MFA (Kaohsiung): /u⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiu³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-tiū
  - Tâi-lô: í-tiū
  - Phofsit Daibuun: y'diu
  - MFA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiu²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: u² diu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ú tiŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵²⁻³⁵ tiu³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhy zeu (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦy²² z̻ɜ⁴⁴/

Noun

宇宙

universe; cosmos; macrocosm; space
探索宇宙的奧秘／探索宇宙的奥秘 ― tànsuǒ yǔzhòu de àomì ― to explore the mysteries of the universe
roof, ridgepole and beams Galicijski
- 而燕雀佼之，以為不能與之爭於宇宙之間。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  而燕雀佼之，以为不能与之争于宇宙之间。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE
  Ér yànquè jiǎo zhī, yǐwèi bùnéng yǔ zhī zhēng yú yǔzhòu zhījiān. [Pinyin]
  And the swallows and sparrows are complacent, thinking that (the phoenix) cannot compete with them near the roof, ridgepole and beams of a house.
heaven and earth; all under heaven; country
(infinite) space and time
- 舜以天下讓善卷，善卷曰：「余立於宇宙之中，冬日衣皮毛，夏日衣葛絺；春耕種，形足以勞動；秋收斂，身足以休息；日出而作，日入而息，逍遙於天地之間而心意自得。吾何以天下為哉？悲夫！子之不知余也！」遂不受。於是去而入深山，莫知其處。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  舜以天下让善卷，善卷曰：“余立于宇宙之中，冬日衣皮毛，夏日衣葛𫄨；春耕种，形足以劳动；秋收敛，身足以休息；日出而作，日入而息，逍遥于天地之间而心意自得。吾何以天下为哉？悲夫！子之不知余也！”遂不受。于是去而入深山，莫知其处。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Shùn yǐ tiānxià ràng Shànjuǎn, Shànjuǎn yuē: “Yú lì yú yǔzhòu zhī zhōng, dōng rì yī pímáo, xià rì yī gězhǐ; chūn gēngzhòng, xíng zú yǐ láodòng; qiū shōuliǎn, shēn zú yǐ xiūxī; rì chū ér zuò, rì rù ér xī, xiāoyáo yú tiāndì zhījiān ér xīnyì zìdé. Wú héyǐ tiānxià wéi zāi? Bēi fū! Zǐ zhī bù zhī yú yě!” Suì bù shòu. Yúshì qù ér rù shēnshān, mò zhī qí chù. [Pinyin]
  Shun proposed to resign the throne to Shan Juan, who said, 'I am a unit in the midst of space and time. In winter I wear skins and furs; in summer, grass-cloth and linen; in spring I plough and sow, my strength being equal to the toil; in autumn I gather in my harvest, and am prepared to cease from labour and eat. At sunrise I get up and work; at sunset I rest. So do I enjoy myself between heaven and earth, and my mind is content: why should I have anything to do with the throne? Alas! that you, Sir, do not know me better!' Thereupon he declined the proffer, and went away, deep among the hills, no man knew where.

Derived terms

Izvedeni termini od 宇宙

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (宇宙):

Japanese: 宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (uchū)
Korean: 우주 (宇宙, uju)
Vietnamese: vũ trụ (宇宙)

Related terms

人間／人间
世界

Japanski

Kanji in this term
宇	宙
う Stepen: 6	ちゅう Stepen: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (uchū)

the universe
outer space

Derived terms

アメリカ航(こう)空(くう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう)局(きょく) (Amerika Kōkū Uchūkyoku, “NASA”)
大(だい)宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (daiuchū, “macrocosm”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)ごみ (uchū-gomi, “space debris”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)ステーション (uchū sutēshon, “space station”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)ロケット (uchū roketto, “space rocket”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)中(ちゅう)継(けい) (uchū chūkei, “satellite relay”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)人(じん) (uchūjin, “space alien”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)公(こう)害(がい) (uchū kōgai, “space debris”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)兵(へい)器(き) (uchū heiki, “space weaponry”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)医(い)学(がく) (uchū igaku, “space medicine”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)博(はく) (uchūhaku)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)原(げん)理(り) (uchū genri, “cosmological principle”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)基(き)地(ち) (uchū kichi, “space station”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)塵(じん) (uchūjin, “cosmic dust”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)大(だい)爆(ばく)発(はつ) (uchū daibakuhatsu, “Big Bang”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)学(がく) (uchūgaku, “cosmology”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)定(てい)数(すう) (uchū teisū, “cosmological constant”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)工(こう)学(がく) (uchū kōgaku, “astronautics”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)帽(ぼう) (uchūbō, “space helmet”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)探(たん)査(さ) (uchū tansa, “space exploration”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)旅(りょ)行(こう) (uchū ryokō, “space travel”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)服(ふく) (uchūfuku, “space suit”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)法(ほう) (uchūhō, “space law”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)物(ぶつ)理(り) (uchū butsuri, “space physics”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)産(さん)業(ぎょう) (uchū sangyō, “space industry”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)病(びょう) (uchūbyō, “space nausea”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)発(はっ)生(せい)論(ろん) (uchū hasseiron, “cosmogony”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)科(か)学(がく) (uchū kagaku)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)空(くう)間(かん) (uchū kūkan, “void of space”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)線(せん) (uchūsen, “cosmic ray”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)背(はい)景(けい)放(ほう)射(しゃ) (uchū haikei hōsha, “cosmic background radiation”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)航(こう)空(くう)研(けん)究(きゅう)開(かい)発(はつ)機(き)構(こう) (Uchū Kōkū Kenkyū Kaihatsu Kikō, “Japanese Exploration Agency”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)船(せん) (uchūsen, “spaceship”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)観(かん) (uchūkan)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)論(ろん) (uchūron, “cosmology”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)速(そく)度(ど) (uchū sokudo, “escape velocity”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)通(つう)信(しん) (uchū tsūshin, “space communication”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)進(しん)化(か)論(ろん) (uchū shinkaron, “cosmogony”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)遊(ゆう)泳(えい) (uchū yūei, “space walk”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)酔(よ)い (uchū-yoi, “space sickness”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)開(かい)発(はつ) (uchū kaihatsu, “space exploration”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)開(かい)闢(びゃく) (uchū kaibyaku)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)電(でん)波(ぱ) (uchū denpa, “cosmic radio waves”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)飛(ひ)行(こう) (uchū hikō, “space flight”)
宇(う)宙(ちゅう)食(しょく) (uchūshoku, “space food”)
小(しょう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (shōuchū, “microcosm”)
深(しん)宇(う)宙(ちゅう) (shin'uchū, “deep space”)
米(べい)航(こう)空(くう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう)局(きょく) (Bei Kōkū Uchūkyoku, “NASA”)
航(こう)空(くう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう)工(こう)学(がく) (kōkū uchū kōgaku, “aerospace engineering”)
航(こう)空(くう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう)技(ぎ)術(じゅつ)研(けん)究(きゅう)所(じょ) (Kōkū Uchū Gijutsu Kenkyūjo, “National Aerospace Laboratory”)
航(こう)空(くう)宇(う)宙(ちゅう)産(さん)業(ぎょう) (kōkū uchū sangyō, “aerospace industry”)

Synonyms

天(てん)地(ち) (tenchi, “heaven and earth”)
自(し)然(ぜん) (shizen, “nature”)
世(せ)界(かい) (sekai, “the world”)
万(ばん)象(しょう) (banshō, “all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature”)
万(ばん)物(ぶつ) (banbutsu, “all things, all of the universe, every manifestation of nature”)
(outer space): スペース (supēsu)

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
宇	宙
ひろ Stepen: 6	し Stepen: 6

宇(ひろ)宙(し) (Hiroshi)

a male given name

Korejski

Hanja in this term
宇	宙

Noun

宇宙 (uju) (hangeul 우주)

Hanja form^? of 우주 (“outer space; universe; cosmos”).

Vijetnamski

Hán tự in this word
宇	宙

Noun

宇宙

Hán tự form of vũ trụ, “outer space; universe; cosmos”