江

江	U+6C5F, 江 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C5F

међународно

Хан карактер

Редослед писања

江 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水一 (EM), четири-угла 3111₀, composition ⿰氵工)

Изведени карактери

𭇮, 𡷍, 𢏠, 𢬥, 𭥺, 𣑴, 𥆀, 𭁑, 䑭, 𨀹, 𪀤
𬇧, 㳩, 㴂, 𣽝, 鴻(鸿), 𭳼, 𬻶, 𤭊, 茳, 𥬮, 𮤏, 𭍟(𮤳)

Потомци

エ (Japanese katakana)
𛀁 (Japanese hentaigana)

Референце

KangXi: page 606, карактер 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 17140
Dae Jaweon: страна 999, карактер 13
Hanyu Da Zidian: том 3, страна 1551, карактер 3
Unihan data за U+6C5F

Кинески

једн. and трад.		江

Wikipedia has articles on:

江 (Писано Стандардни Кинески^?)
江 (Кантонски)
江 (Класични)
江 (Ган)
江 (Hakka)

Проекло глифа

Историјски облици карактера 江
Warring States
Bronze inscriptions

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
缸
篢
贑
涳
江
肛
扛
杠
豇
茳
釭
矼
玒
虹
腔
崆
羫
控
椌
悾
跫
啌
谾
舡
項
屸
功
工
疘
魟
攻
愩
碽
貢
羾
空
箜
硿
埪
鵼
倥
鞚
叿
嗊
訌
紅
仜
葒
渱
鴻
汞
澒
鞏
巩
銎
恐
蛩
筇
桏
邛

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 工.

Етимологија 1

"Yangtze River"

Borrowed from a substrate Austroasiatic language as Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river, valley”); compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruŋ ~ ruuŋ ~ ruəŋ (“river”) > Proto-Vietic *k-roːŋ (“river”) (Вијетнамски sông), Mon ကြုၚ် (krɜŋ, “small river, creek”).

Derivative: 港 (“harbour”).

Pronunciation

Мандарин
(Стандард)
(Пинјин): jiāng (jiang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤ

(Chengdu, SP): jiang¹

(Dungan, Ћирилица and Wiktionary): җён (I)
Кантонски
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gong¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gong¹
Ган (Викиречник): gong¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kông

(Meixian, Guangdong): gong¹
Jin (Wiktionary): jiang¹
Min Bei (KCR): gó̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): gŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kang

(Teochew, Peng'im): gang¹
Wu (Wiktionary): kaan (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): jian¹

Мандарин
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Пинјин: jiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiang
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiang
  - Wade–Giles: chiang¹
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Ћирилица and Викиречник: җён (I)
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡ɕiɔ̃²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Кантонски
- (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gong¹
  - Yale: gōng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gong¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gong¹
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /kɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Викиречник: gong¹
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /kɔŋ³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: gong¹
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /kɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kông
  - Hakka Romanization System: gong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gong¹
  - IPA: /koŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gong¹
  - IPA: /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Викиречник: jiang¹
  - Sinological МФА (old-style): /t͡ɕiaŋ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gó̤ng
  - Sinological МФА ^(key): /kɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kouŋ⁵⁵/
Мин Нан
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang
  - Tâi-lô: kang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafng
  - МФА (Xiamen): /kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - МФА (Quanzhou): /kaŋ³³/
  - МФА (Zhangzhou): /kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - МФА (Taipei): /kaŋ⁴⁴/
  - МФА (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kaan (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑ̃⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jian¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiæn³³/

Definitions

江

Yangtze River
- 決汝漢，排淮泗，而注之江。 [MSC, trad.]
  决汝汉，排淮泗，而注之江。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: Mencius
  Jué Rǔ Hàn, pái Huái Sì, ér zhù zhī Jiāng. [Pinyin]
  He opened a vent also for the Ru and Han, and regulated the course of the Huai and Si, so that they all flowed into the Jiang.
(by extension) river (Класификатор: 條／条)
(～日) (telegraphy) the third day of a month
A презиме.: Jiang (mainland China), Chiang (Taiwan), Kong (Hong Kong), Kiang (Old fashion)
江澤民 / 江泽民 ― Jiāng Zémín ― Jiang Zemin

Usage notes

The word that referred to a body of flowing water such as stream, creek or river was represented in early Chinese with 水 (shuǐ), a pictograph showing water flowing between two banks, similar to the form of the character 川 (chuān).

In early times, specialized characters were created to represent words that described particular bodies of water. These words often contain the water radical (氵), which was originally written in the same way that the original form of 水 was written.

In early texts, the term 河 usually referred directly to the 黃河／黄河 (“Yellow River”). Over time, 河 became used as a generalized term for rivers that were bigger than a stream. The term is sometimes associated with an 'older' body of flowing water that has a smaller volume. Similarly, 江 was originally the name of the Yangtze River which is a relatively larger body of flowing water. 江 became the standard bearer for a slightly differentiated category of river. It was then applied broadly as a generic term.

Among Chinese users, there are commonly held beliefs about the differences between these near synonyms that may not be reflected in an ordinary dictionary. 江 are often thought of as the larger rivers that are usually in southern China, while 河 are usually rivers with comparatively lesser volume or that are artificial and are usually found in northern China (and may be considered culturally 'older'). These two terms are often the subject of attempts at comparisons. Terms for smaller bodies of flowing water include: 川 (chuān) which are usually mid-sized or relatively small rivers, 溪 and 流 which are creeks, streams, brooks, and gullies, and 水 (shuǐ) which are streams (but can also be medium-sized tributary rivers like the Han River (漢水／汉水). There are many exceptions to these patterns owing to inconsistent usage of the relevant terms in different forms of Chinese and English over time, and also due to cultural attitudes about proper usage of the terms.

Compounds

Изведени термини од 江

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (江):

Japanese: 江(こう) (kō)
Korean: 강 (江, gang)
Vietnamese: giang (江)

Етимологија 2

За изговор и дефиниције од 江 – види 豇. (Овај character, 江, је the second-round simplified облик од 豇.)

Јапански