-ness

Такође погледајте: ness и Ness

Енглески

Алтернативни облици

• ⠰⠎
• -nesse (obsolete)

Етимологија

From Средњи Енглески -nes, -nesse, from Стари Енглески -nis, -nes, from Proto-Germanic *-nassuz. This suffix was formed already in Proto-Germanic by false division of the final consonant *-n- of the preceding stem + the actual suffix *-assuz. The latter was in turn derived from an earlier *-at(s)-tuz, from the verbal suffix *-at-janą + the noun suffix *-þuz.

Cognates are Old Saxon -nissi, -nussi, Dutch -nis, German -nis and Gothic -𐌰𐍃𐍃𐌿𐍃 (-assus), -𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍃𐌿𐍃 (-inassus).

Изговор

• (UK) МФА^(кључ): /nəs/
  • (Old-fashioned RP) МФА^(кључ): /nɪs/
• (US) МФА^(кључ): /nəs/, /nɪ̈s/
• (obsolete) МФА^(кључ): /nɛs/

Суфикс

-ness

1. Appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being(the adjective)", "the quality of being(the adjective)", or "the measure of being(the adjective)".

   ‎calm + ‎-ness → ‎calmness

   ‎dark + ‎-ness → ‎darkness

   ‎kind + ‎-ness → ‎kindness

   ‎one + ‎-ness → ‎oneness

2. Appended to words of other parts of speech to form nouns (often nonce words or terms in philosophy) meaning the state/quality/measure of the idea represented by these words.

   ‎that + ‎-ness → ‎thatness

   ‎tree + ‎-ness → ‎treeness

Корисне белешке

If adjective ends in -y, then this changes to -i- when -ness is suffixed. This occurs both when the -y is the suffix -y (“having the quality of”), as in mess → messy → messiness (hence -y → -i-), but also in other cases, as in comely → comeliness.

Синоними

• -dom
• -hood
• -ship
• -itas
• -itude
• -th
• -ia
• -itia
• -ity
• -ism
• -ability
• -ibility
• -icity
• -osity

Преводи

appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being...", "the quality of being...", or "the measure of being..."

• Arabic: ـِيَّة‎ (-iyya), (several internal vowel patterns are used)
• Armenian: -ություն (-utʿyun)
• Burmese: молим додајте овај превод ако можете
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: (no exact term exists, many adjectives may be used as nouns), -性 (zh) (-xìng)

• Czech: -ost (cs) f
• Danish: -hed (da), -skab (da)
• Dutch: -heid (nl), -schap (nl), -nis (nl)
• Esperanto: -eco
• Faroese: -semi f or n, -heit f
• Finnish: -us (fi), -ys (fi)
• French: -ité (fr), -esse (fr) f
• Galician: -idade (gl) f
• Georgian: молим додајте овај превод ако можете
• German: -nis (de), -heit (de), -keit (de)
• Greek: -ότητα (el) (-ótita)
• Hebrew: молим додајте овај превод ако можете
• Hindi: -ई f (-ī)
• Hungarian: -ság (hu)/-ség (hu)
• Ido: -eso
• Indonesian: ke- -an
• Irish: -acht f
• Italian: -ità, -ezza
• Japanese: -さ (ja) (-sa), -性 (ja) (-sei), (0 ending on -な adjectives)
• Khmer: ភាព (km) (phiəp), សេចក្តី (səcktəy)

• Korean: ㅁ (ko) (m)
• Lao: молим додајте овај превод ако можете
• Macedonian: -ност f (-nost), -ост f (-ost), -ство n (-stvo)
• Malay: ke- -an
• Manx: -aght f
• Marathi: -पणा m
• Norwegian: -het (no), -skap (no)
• Old English: -nes, -nis
• Old Saxon: -nissi, -nussi
• Ottoman Turkish: -لق‎ (-lık)
• Polish: -ość (pl)
• Portuguese: -idade (pt) f, -eza (pt) f, -ez (pt) f, -idão f
• Romanian: -itate f, -tate f, -ătate f
• Russian: -ность (-nostʹ), -ость (ru) (-ostʹ), -ство (-stvo)
• Slovak: -osť f
• Spanish: -idad (es)
• Swahili: u-
• Swedish: -het (sv), -skap (sv)
• Telugu: -తనము (-tanamu)
• Thai: ความ (th) (kwaam)
• Turkish: -lık, -lik, -luk (tr), -lük
• Vietnamese: sự (vi), nỗi (vi), niềm (vi)
• Welsh: -rwydd (cy)
• West Frisian: -ens, -heid, -skip
• Yiddish: ־ניש‎ n (-nish), ־קייט‎ (-keyt), ־הייט‎‎ (-heyt‎)

Anagrams

• ESNs, SE SN, SNES, Sens, Sens., sens

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Средњи Енглески

Суфикс

-ness

1. (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) Alternative form of -nesse

Референце

• “-nes(se, suf.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 9 April 2018.