-al

Такође погледајте: Додатак:Варијанте од "al"

Енглески

Етимологија 1

Од Латински adjective suffix -ālis

, или French, Middle French и Old French -el

, -al

. Likely, the aforementioned Latin suffix is formed from Etruscan genitive suffix -l (as in Etruscan ati (“mother”) / atial (“mother's”)

) + adjectival suffix -is (as in fortis

, dēbilis

, etc.).

Алтернативни облици

• (obsolete)

  • Изговор

    • МФА^(кључ): /əl/

    Суфикс

    -al

    1. Of or pertaining to. Adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also.

       ‎base + ‎-al → ‎basal

       ‎cranium + ‎-al → ‎cranial

    2. Forming nouns, especially of verbal action.

       ‎propose + ‎-al → ‎proposal

       ‎deny + ‎-al → ‎denial

    Корисне белешке

    If the root word contains l, the variant -ar is often used instead (e.g. solar, lunar, columnar, lumbar). Sometimes both forms are found: linear, lineal. One also sees -ial, as in manorial. As nominalizer, some verbs have two corresponding nouns, one ending in -al and the other in -tion/-sion (more common suffix), with one or the other being more common, sometimes with different nuances. Notable examples: disposition/disposal (dispose), proposition/proposal (propose), submission/submittal (submit), transmission/transmittal (transmit). Some superficial pairs are actually of different origin, notably reversion/reversal (revert/reverse, not both from reverse).

    Изведени термини

    • (of or pertaining to): Категорија:Енглески речи са наставком -al
    • (forming nouns, especially of verbal action.): , , , , , , , , , , ,

      • Видите такође

        • • (, )

            • Etymology 2

              Extracted from the word aldehyde.

              Pronunciation

              • МФА^(кључ): /æl/

              Suffix

              -al

              1. (organic chemistry) Forms the names of s.

                 Translations

                 aldehyde

                 • Danish: -al
                   • Dutch: -al (nl)

                 • Galician: -al (gl)

                 Anagrams

                 • L. A., L.A., LA, La, La-, La., la, lä ^{(alphagram al)}

                 ---

                 Abenaki

                 Suffix

                 -al

                 1. A suffix used to form the plurals of inanimate words.

                    pessimen (“currant”) → pessimenal (“currants”)

                    1. wôbigen (“it is white”) → wôbigenal (“they are white”)

                       Usage notes

                       • -al is the most common suffix used to form the plurals of inanimate words, including most body parts and some words ending in the vowel a.
                       • See the usage notes at -ak.

                       ---

                       Catalan

                       Etymology

                       From Латински -ālis.

                       Pronunciation

                       • (Balearic, Central, Valencian) МФА^(кључ): /ˈ-al/

                       Suffix

                       -al (masculine and feminine plural -als)

                       1. In adjectives, indicating relation.

                          estructura (“structure”) → estructural (“structural”).

                          Derived terms

                          Категорија Каталонски речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                          
                          

                          ---

                          Danish

                          Suffix

                          1. (organic chemistry)

                             ---

                             Dutch

                             Pronunciation

                             • МФА^(кључ): /ɑl/

                             Suffix

                             -al

                             1. (organic chemistry)

                                Synonyms

                                • Derived terms

                                  Категорија Холандски речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                  
                                  

                                  ---

                                  Esperanto

                                  Suffix

                                  -al

                                  1. for [...] reason (ending for correlatives of reason)

                                  Derived terms

                                  (deprecated use of |lang= parameter)

                                   

                                  ---

                                  French

                                  Etymology

                                  From Средњи Француски, from Стари Француски -al, borrowed from Латински -ālis. Cognate to French -el, which is also from Latin -ālis but inherited (not borrowed).

                                  Pronunciation

                                  • МФА^(кључ): /al/

                                  Suffix

                                  -al

                                  1. (of or pertaining to; adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also)

                                     Derived terms

                                     Категорија Француски речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                     
                                     

                                     ---

                                     German

                                     Etymology

                                     Borrowed from Латински -ālis.

                                     Pronunciation

                                     • МФА^(кључ): [aːl]

                                     Suffix

                                     1. pertaining to, using; adjectival suffix appended to nouns

                                     Derived terms

                                     Категорија Немачки речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                     
                                     

                                     ---

                                     Hungarian

                                     Etymology

                                     -a- + Африканс

                                     Pronunciation

                                     • МФА^(кључ): [ɒl]

                                     Suffix

                                     -al

                                     1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb.

                                        szárny (“a wing”) → szárnyal (“to soar”)

                                        1. (noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun (no longer productive in this role).

                                           von (“to pull”) → vonal (“line”)

                                           Usage notes

                                           • (noun-forming suffix) Harmonic variants:

                                             is added to back vowel words

                                             • is added to front vowel words

                                               Derived terms

                                               Категорија Мађарски verbи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                               Категорија Мађарски nounи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                               
                                               

                                               See also

                                               • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

                                               ---

                                               Lepontic

                                               Suffix

                                               -al (-al)

                                               1. Шаблон:xlp-romanization of

                                               ---

                                               Manx

                                               Alternative forms

                                               • Suffix 1

                                                 Etymology 1

                                                 Extracted from goaill.
                                                 1. suffix used to form verbal nouns

                                                 Suffix 2

                                                 Etymology 2

                                                 Extracted from goaill.
                                                 1. suffix used productively to form denominative verbs and their associated verbal nouns

                                                    ‎yiarn (“iron”) + ‎-al → ‎yiarnal (“to iron”)

                                                    ‎post (“post”) + ‎-al → ‎postal (“to post”)

                                                 Suffix 3

                                                 Etymology 3

                                                 From Middle Irish -amail (compare Ирски -úil, Шкотски Галски -ail, -eil), from Old Irish -amail.
                                                 1. An adjectival suffix applied to various words, usually nouns, to make an adjective.

                                                 See also

                                                 • ---

                                                   Norman

                                                   Etymology

                                                   From Стари Француски -al, from Латински -ālis.

                                                   Suffix

                                                   -al

                                                   1. (of or pertaining to; adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form)

                                                      Derived terms

                                                      Категорија Norman речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                                      
                                                      

                                                      ---

                                                      Novial

                                                      Suffix

                                                      -al

                                                      1. Short form of -ali.

                                                      Usage notes

                                                      • Remove the last vowel (except 'u') of the given noun before appending this suffix to it.

                                                      ---

                                                      Old French

                                                      Alternative forms

                                                      • Etymology

                                                        Borrowed from Латински -ālis. Compare the inherited -el.

                                                        Suffix

                                                        -al

                                                        1. suffix used to form adjectives from nouns

                                                           mesnal ― domestic; household

                                                           (from mesnee)

                                                        Descendants

                                                        • Middle French:
                                                          • • French:

                                                              ---

                                                              Polish

                                                              Etymology

                                                              From Прасловенски *-aljь.

                                                              Pronunciation

                                                              • МФА^(кључ): /al/

                                                              Suffix

                                                              -al m

                                                              1. Forms masculine nouns.

                                                              Declension

                                                              Animate/personal:

                                                              declension of -al

                                                              	singular	plural
                                                              nominative	-al	-ale
                                                              genitive	-ala	-ali
                                                              dative	-alowi	-alom
                                                              accusative	-ala	-ali
                                                              instrumental	-alem	-alami
                                                              locative	-alu	-alach
                                                              vocative	-alu	-ale

                                                              Inanimate:

                                                              declension of -al

                                                              	singular	plural
                                                              nominative	-al	-ale
                                                              genitive	-alu	-ali
                                                              dative	-alowi	-alom
                                                              accusative	-al	-ale
                                                              instrumental	-alem	-alami
                                                              locative	-alu	-alach
                                                              vocative	-alu	-ale

                                                              Surnames:

                                                              declension of -al

                                                              	singular	plural
                                                              nominative	-al	-alowie
                                                              genitive	-ala	alów
                                                              dative	-alowi	-alom
                                                              accusative	-ala	alów
                                                              instrumental	-alem	-alami
                                                              locative	-alu	-alach
                                                              vocative	-alu	-alowie

                                                              Derived terms

                                                              Категорија Пољски речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                                              
                                                              

                                                              ---

                                                              Portuguese

                                                              Pronunciation

                                                              • (Portugal) МФА^(кључ): /ˈaɫ/
                                                              • (Brazil) МФА^(кључ): /ˈaw/

                                                              Etymology 1

                                                              From Old Portuguese -al, from Латински -ālis.

                                                              Suffix

                                                              -al (plural -ais)

                                                              1. appended to noun X, forms adjectives meaning “of or pertaining to X”

                                                                 ‎abismo (“abyss”) + ‎-al → ‎abismal (“abyssal; abysmal”)

                                                                 ‎indústria (“factory; industry”) + ‎-al → ‎industrial (“industrial”)

                                                              2. forms synonyms of adjectives containing the suffix -ico

                                                                 1. ‎angélico (“angelic”) + ‎-al → ‎angelical (“angelical”)

                                                                 2. appended to noun X, forms nouns meaning “a collection X” or “a large quantity of X”

                                                                    ‎ninho (“nest”) + ‎-al → ‎ninhal (“a bunch of nests”)

                                                                    ‎edito (“edict”) + ‎-al → ‎edital (“notice board”)

                                                                 3. appended to noun X, forms nouns meaning “a place where there is plenty of X”

                                                                    ‎pedra (“rock”) + ‎-al → ‎pedregal (“a rocky field”)

                                                                    ‎colmeia (“beehive”) + ‎-al → ‎colmeal (“a place with many beehives”)

                                                                 4. appended to the name of a plant, forms nouns meaning “a field where that plant is cultivated”

                                                                    ‎trigo (“wheat”) + ‎-al → ‎trigal (“wheatfield”)

                                                                    ‎sobreiro (“cork oak”) + ‎-al → ‎sobreiral (“an orchard of cork oaks”)

                                                                 Synonyms

                                                                 • (of or pertaining to): , , , , , ,
                                                                   • (collection):
                                                                     • (place with plenty of something): , ,

                                                                       Etymology 2

                                                                       From the first syllable of álcool (“alcohol”) and aldeído (“aldehyde”).

                                                                       Suffix

                                                                       -al m

                                                                       1. (chemistry) forms the names of
                                                                          1. (chemistry) forms the names of

                                                                             ---

                                                                             Spanish

                                                                             Etymology

                                                                             From Латински -ālis.

                                                                             Suffix

                                                                             1. In adjectives, indicating relation

                                                                                ‎cultura (“culture”) + ‎-al → ‎cultural (“cultural”).

                                                                             2. In nouns, indicating a place where something is grown

                                                                                ‎maíz (“corn”) + ‎-al → ‎maizal (“corn field”)

                                                                                ‎naranja (“orange”) + ‎-al → ‎naranjal (“orange grove”)

                                                                             Synonyms

                                                                             • (indicating a place): Шаблон:ambox

                                                                             Derived terms

                                                                             Категорија Шпански речи са наставком -al није пронађена

                                                                             
                                                                             

                                                                             Further reading

                                                                             • “-al” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

                                                                             ---

                                                                             Swedish

                                                                             Suffix

                                                                             -al

                                                                             1. Шаблон:l, of or pertaining to; forming an adjective from a noun

                                                                             Derived terms

                                                                             Шаблон:suffixsee

                                                                             See also

                                                                             • Шаблон:l
                                                                             • Шаблон:l
                                                                             • Шаблон:l
                                                                             • Шаблон:l
                                                                             • Шаблон:l