lemma

Такође погледајте: Lemma

Енглески

Pronunciation

• enPR: lĕm'ə, IPA^(кључ): /ˈlɛmə/
• (pin-pen) IPA^(кључ): /ˈlɪmə/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Риме: -ɛmə
• Хифенација: lem‧ma

Etymology 1

From Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from the same root as λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Noun

lemma (plural lemmas or lemmata)

1. (mathematics) A proposition proved or accepted for immediate use in the proof of some other proposition.
   1. (in phrases, by extension) A proposition originally used for such a purpose, but having later acquired a greater, independent, importance; a fundamental (often pithy) and widely-used result.
2. (linguistics, lexicography) The canonical form of an inflected word; i.e., the form usually found as the headword in a dictionary, such as the nominative singular of a noun, the bare infinitive of a verb, etc.
   • За наводе коришћења овог термина, видите Цитати:lemma.
3. (psycholinguistics) The theoretical abstract conceptual form of a word, representing a specific meaning, before the creation of a specific phonological form as the sounds of a lexeme, which may find representation in a specific written form as a dictionary or lexicographic word.

Synonyms

• n citation form

Antonyms

• Асамски non-lemma

Derived terms

• Bézout's lemma
• Euclid's lemma
• five lemma
• lemmatize
• Neyman-Pearson lemma
• pumping lemma
• Riemann-Lebesgue lemma
• Sperner's lemma
• Teichmüller-Tukey lemma
• Tukey's lemma
• Yoneda lemma
• Zorn's lemma

 

Related terms

• dilemma
• lemmatic
• lemmatical
• lemmatically
• Margulis lemma
• pentalemma
• sublemma
• tetralemma
• trilemma

 

Translations

mathematics: proposition used mainly in the proof of some other proposition

• Arabic: تَمْهِيدِيَّة f (tamhīdiyya)
• Armenian: լեմմա (hy) (lemma)
• Bulgarian: лема f (lema)
• Catalan: lema (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 引理 (zh) (yǐnlǐ)

• Czech: lemma (cs) n
• Danish: lemma (da) n, hjælpesætning c
• Dutch: lemma (nl) n
• Esperanto: lemo
• Faroese: hjálparsetningur m
• Finnish: apulause, lemma (fi)
• French: lemme (fr) m
• German: Lemma (de) n, Hilfssatz m
• Greek: λήμμα (el) f (límma)
• Hebrew: למה (he) f (léma), טענת עזר f (te'anát ézer)
• Hungarian: lemma (hu), segédtétel (hu), kiegészítő tétel
• Icelandic: hjálparsetning f
• Italian: lemma (it) n
• Japanese: 補題 (ja) (hodai)
• Korean: 보조정리 (bojojeongni)
• Macedonian: лема f (lema)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: lemma (no) n

  Nynorsk: lemma n

• Polish: lemat (pl) m
• Portuguese: lema (pt) m
• Romanian: lemă (ro) f
• Russian: ле́мма (ru) f (lémma)
• Slovak: lema f
• Spanish: lema (es) m
• Swedish: lemma (sv) n

linguistics: canonical form of a term

• Afrikaans: lemma (af)
• Arabic: سُدَّة f (sudda), لِيمَّا (ar) (līmmā)
• Catalan: lema (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 詞目／词目 (zh) (címù), 字詞／字词 (zh) (zìcí), 詞條／词条 (zh) (cítiáo), 詞元／词元 (cíyuán)

• Czech: lemma (cs) n
• Danish: lemma (da) n, opslagsord (da) n, stikord n, opslagsform c
• Dutch: lemma (nl) n
• Esperanto: lemo
• Faroese: leitorð n
• Finnish: perusmuoto (fi), lemma (fi)
• French: lemme (fr) m, entrée (fr) f, terme vedette m, mot vedette (fr) m
• German: Lemma (de) n, Stichwort (de) n
• Greek: λήμμα (el) f (límma)
• Hungarian: lemma (hu), szótári szó, lexéma (hu), címszó (hu), lexikai egység
• Icelandic: fletta, flettiorð, uppflettimynd f
• Ido: lemo (io)
• Indonesian: lema (id)
• Italian: lemma (it) n
• Japanese: レンマ (renma)
• Korean: 올림말 (ko) (ollimmal), 표제어 (pyojeeo)
• Latin: lēmma n
• Macedonian: лема f (lema)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: lemma (no) n, oppslagsord n, stikkord n

  Nynorsk: lemma n, oppslagsord n, stikkord n

• Persian: مدخل (fa) (madxal), بن‌واژه (fa) (bon-vâže)
• Polish: lemma (pl) f
• Portuguese: lema (pt) m
• Romanian: lemă (ro)
• Russian: ле́мма (ru) f (lémma)
• Slovak: lema f
• Spanish: lema (es) m
• Swedish: lemma (sv) n, uppslagsord (sv) n, grundform (sv) c
• Vietnamese: mục từ (vi)

linguistics: lexeme — see lexeme

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} pagrindinė forma (lt) f

See also

• basic form
• canonical form
• citation form
• dictionary form
• headword
• infinitive

Etymology 2

From the Антички Грчки λέμμα (lémma), from λέπω (lépō, “I peel”).

Noun

lemma (plural lemmas or lemmata)

1. (botany) The outer shell of a fruit or similar body.
2. (botany) One of the specialized bracts around the floret in grasses.

Derived terms

• cytolemma
• karyolemma
• myolemma
• neurilemma
• neurolemma
• oolemma
• plasmalemma
• sarcolemma

 

Translations

botany: one of the specialized bracts around the floret in grasses

• Faroese: niðara blómuøgn f
• Finnish: ulkohelve
• Korean: 겉겨 (geotgyeo)
• Latin: lēmma n
• Persian: پوشه (fa) (puše), گلوم (gelum), سبوسه (fa) (sabuse)

Further reading

Sister projects

• lemma (psycholinguistics) на Википедији.Википедији
• lemma (morphology) на Википедији.Википедији
• lemma (logic) на Википедији.Википедији
• lemma (mathematics) на Википедији.Википедији
• headword на Википедији.Википедији
• lemma (botany) на Википедији.Википедији

Anagrams

• melam, ammel ^{(alphagram aelmm)}

Czech

Etymology

Ultimately from Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(кључ): [ˈlɛma]
• Хифенација: le‧m‧ma

Noun

lemma n

1. (mathematics) lemma
2. (linguistics) lemma Галицијски

Related terms

• dilema
• lemmatický
• lemmatizace
• lemmatizátor
• lemmatizovat
• trilema

 

Further reading

• Шаблон:R:cs:PSJC
• Шаблон:R:cs:SSJC

Dutch

Etymology

From Латински lemma, from Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(кључ): /ˈlɛ.maː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Хифенација: lem‧ma
• Риме: -ɛmaː

Noun

lemma n (plural lemma's or lemmata, diminutive lemmaatje n)

1. (mathematics) lemma (proved or accepted proposition used in a proof)
2. (linguistics) lemma (the canonical form of an inflected word, dictionary form)

Derived terms

• hoofdlemma
• lemmatisch
• sublemma

Finnish

Etymology

From Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Noun

lemma

1. (linguistics) lemma
2. (mathematics) lemma

Declension

Inflection of lemma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		lemma	lemmat
genitive		lemman	lemmojen
partitive		lemmaa	lemmoja
illative		lemmaan	lemmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		lemma	lemmat
accusative	nom.	lemma	lemmat
	gen.	lemman
genitive		lemman	lemmojen lemmainrare
partitive		lemmaa	lemmoja
inessive		lemmassa	lemmoissa
elative		lemmasta	lemmoista
illative		lemmaan	lemmoihin
adessive		lemmalla	lemmoilla
ablative		lemmalta	lemmoilta
allative		lemmalle	lemmoille
essive		lemmana	lemmoina
translative		lemmaksi	lemmoiksi
instructive		—	lemmoin
abessive		lemmatta	lemmoitta
comitative		—	lemmoineen

Possessive forms of lemma (type kala)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	lemmani	lemmamme
2nd person	lemmasi	lemmanne
3rd person	lemmansa

Synonyms

• n perusmuoto
• n apulause

Мађарски

Etymology

From Енглески lemma and Немачки Lemma, from Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(кључ): [ˈlɛmːɒ]
• Хифенација: lem‧ma
• Риме: -mɒ

Noun

lemma (plural lemmák)

1. (mathematics, linguistics, lexicography) lemma

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lemma	lemmák
accusative	lemmát	lemmákat
dative	lemmának	lemmáknak
instrumental	lemmával	lemmákkal
causal-final	lemmáért	lemmákért
translative	lemmává	lemmákká
terminative	lemmáig	lemmákig
essive-formal	lemmaként	lemmákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lemmában	lemmákban
superessive	lemmán	lemmákon
adessive	lemmánál	lemmáknál
illative	lemmába	lemmákba
sublative	lemmára	lemmákra
allative	lemmához	lemmákhoz
elative	lemmából	lemmákból
delative	lemmáról	lemmákról
ablative	lemmától	lemmáktól

Possessive forms of lemma
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lemmám	lemmáim
2nd person sing.	lemmád	lemmáid
3rd person sing.	lemmája	lemmái
1st person plural	lemmánk	lemmáink
2nd person plural	lemmátok	lemmáitok
3rd person plural	lemmájuk	lemmáik

Италијански

Etymology

From Латински lemma, from Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(кључ): /ˈlɛm.ma/
• Риме: -ɛmma
• Хифенација: lèm‧ma

Noun

lemma m (plural lemmi)

1. (mathematics, linguistics, lexicography) lemma
   • За наводе коришћења овог термина, видите Цитати:lemma.
2. entry (in a dictionary)

Related terms

• lemmatico

Further reading

• Pianigiani, Ottorino (1907), “lemma”, in Vocabolario etimologico della lingua italiana (in Italian), Rome: Albrighi & Segati

• “lemma” in Il Sabatini Coletti: Dizionario della Lingua Italiana (© 2011)
• Шаблон:R:it:Treccani

Anagrams

• melma ^{(alphagram aelmm)}

Латински

Etymology 1

From Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

• () IPA^(кључ): /ˈleːm.ma/, [ˈɫ̪eːmːä]
• () IPA^(кључ): /ˈlem.ma/, [ˈlɛmːä]

Noun

lemma

1. (literally) A subject for consideration or explanation, a theme, matter, subject, contents.

   (Можете ли пронађите и додајте цитат од la на овај унос?)

2. (transferred senses):
   1. the title of an epigram (because it indicates the subject)
   2. the epigram itself
   3. story, tale
   4. the assumption or lemma of a syllogism

      (Можете ли пронађите и додајте цитат од la на овај унос?)

Declension

Third declension neuter..

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lēmma	lēmmata
Genitive	lēmmatis	lēmmatum
Dative	lēmmatī	lēmmatibus
Accusative	lēmma	lēmmata
Ablative	lēmmate	lēmmatibus
Vocative	lēmma	lēmmata

Derived terms

• nūtrīcis lēmmata

Descendants

• Каталонски: lema
• Холандски: lemma
• Енглески: lemma
• Француски: lemme
• Немачки: Lemma
• Италијански: lemma
• Шпански: lema

References

• “lemma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• lemma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette, page 898/2
• “lemma” on page 1,015/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Etymology 2

Probably a scribal error: ni → m.

Noun

lemma

1. medieval spelling of lemnia [8th C.]

Declension

First declension..

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lemma	lemmae
Genitive	lemmae	lemmārum
Dative	lemmae	lemmīs
Accusative	lemmam	lemmās
Ablative	lemmā	lemmīs
Vocative	lemma	lemmae

References

• “lemma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• lemma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing из Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(кључ): /ˈlɛm.ma/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Риме: -ɛmma
• Syllabification: lem‧ma

Noun

lemma f

1. (linguistics, lexicography) lemma

Declension

declension of lemma

	singular	plural
nominative	lemma	lemmy
genitive	lemmy	lemm
dative	lemmie	lemmom
accusative	lemmę	lemmy
instrumental	lemmą	lemmami
locative	lemmie	lemmach
vocative	lemmo	lemmy

Further reading

• lemma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Шведски

Etymology

From Антички Грчки λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Noun

lemma n

1. lemma (the canonical form of an inflected word, a headword in a dictionary)
2. (математика) lemma (a proposition)

Declension

Declension of lemma
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	lemma	lemmat	lemman	lemmana
Genitive	lemmas	lemmats	lemmans	lemmanas

Synonyms

• uppslagsord

Related terms

• lemmabestånd
• lemmalakun
• lemmalista
• lemmaordbok
• lemmaselektion
• lemmatecken
• lemmatisera
• lemmatiserad
• lemmatisering
• lemmatisk

 

References

• lemma in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)