緊張

Такође погледајте: 紧张

Кинески

		tight; nervous; strict	(a measure word); surname; open up
trad. (緊張)		緊	張
simp. (紧张)		紧	张

Етимологија

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Јапански 緊張(きんちょう) (kinchō).

Изговор

• Мандарин

  (Пинјин): jǐnzhāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄓㄤ

• Кантонски (Jyutping): gan² zoeng¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kín-chông
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kín-tiuⁿ / kín-tiang / kán-chiong / kín-chiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ging² ziang¹

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• Мандарин
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Пинјин: jǐnzhāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄓㄤ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiinjang
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐnjhang
    • Wade–Giles: chin3-chang1
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Кантонски
  • (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan² zoeng¹
    • Yale: gán jēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan² dzoeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen² zêng¹
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /kɐn³⁵ t͡ɕœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kín-chông
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin` zong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin³ zong¹
    • IPA: /kin³¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/
• Мин Нан
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-tiuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kín-tiunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kyndviw
    • МФА (Quanzhou, Philippines): /kin⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiũ³³/
    • МФА (Xiamen, Taipei): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ⁴⁴/
    • МФА (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-tiang
    • Tâi-lô: kín-tiang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kyndiafng
    • МФА (Zhangzhou): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiaŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kán-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: kán-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafnciofng
    • МФА (Singapore): /kan⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: kín-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kynciofng
    • МФА (Penang): /kin⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡ɕiɔŋ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ging² ziang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kíng tsiang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siaŋ³³/

Adjective

緊張

1. tense; worried; stressed; nervous; anxious

   我有什麼好緊張的呀？ [MSC, trad.]
   我有什么好紧张的呀？ [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ yǒu shénme hǎo jǐnzhāng de ya? [Pinyin]

   What have I got to be worried about?

2. tense (of a muscle, rope, etc.); taut
3. intense; acute; fierce; pressing
4. in short supply
5. fast-paced

Синоними

• (worried):

edit

• 擔心／担心
• 擔憂／担忧
• 焦切 (literary)
• 焦急

• 焦慮／焦虑
• 焦灼 (literary)
• 著急／着急

• (pressing):

edit

Синоними од 緊張

• 亟亟 (literary)
• 促迫
• 倥傯／倥偬 (literary)
• 切切 (qièqiè) (literary)
• 加急
• 危迫 (literary)
• 孔亟
• 孔急
• 急切
• 急迫
• 打緊／打紧

• 火急
• 窘促
• 緊促／紧促
• 緊急／紧急
• 緊要／紧要
• 緊迫／紧迫
• 緊逼逼／紧逼逼 (Min Nan)
• 要緊／要紧
• 迫切
• 險急／险急

Антоними

• (tense): 輕鬆／轻松
• (tense; taut): 鬆弛／松弛

Именица

緊張

1. nerves; nervousness (Класификатор: 陣／阵)
2. tension (especially in international relations)

   擴大緊張形勢 / 扩大紧张形势  ―  kuòdà jǐnzhāng xíngshì  ―  to escalate tensions

Изведени термини

• 創傷後心理壓力緊張症候群／创伤后心理压力紧张症候群 (chuāngshānghòu xīnlǐ yālì jǐnzhāng zhènghòuqún)

• 緊張性／紧张性

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Јапански

Kanji за овај терм
緊	張
きん Степен: S	ちょう Степен: 5
on’yomi

Изговор

• On’yomi
  • МФА^(кључ): [kʲĩɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

Именица

緊(きん)張(ちょう) (kinchō) 

1. physical tension, strain
2. mental strain, nervousness
3. tension in a relationship
4. the contracted state of a muscle

Compounds

• 緊張緩和(きんちょうかんわ) (kinchō kanwa, “détente”)

Глагол

緊(きん)張(ちょう)する (kinchō suru) intransitive suru (stem 緊(きん)張(ちょう)し (kinchō shi), past 緊(きん)張(ちょう)した (kinchō shita))

1. be physically tense
2. be mentally tense, be nervous
3. for a relationship to suffer tension
4. for a muscle to contract

Коњугација

Conjugation of "緊張する" (Видите Додатак:Јапански глаголи.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	緊張し	きんちょうし	kinchō shi
Continuative (連用形)	緊張し	きんちょうし	kinchō shi
Terminal (終止形)	緊張する	きんちょうする	kinchō suru
Attributive (連体形)	緊張する	きんちょうする	kinchō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	緊張すれ	きんちょうすれ	kinchō sure
Imperative (命令形)	緊張せよ¹ 緊張しろ²	きんちょうせよ¹ きんちょうしろ²	kinchō seyo¹ kinchō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	緊張される	きんちょうされる	kinchō sareru
Causative	緊張させる 緊張さす	きんちょうさせる きんちょうさす	kinchō saseru kinchō sasu
Potential	緊張できる	きんちょうできる	kinchō dekiru
Volitional	緊張しよう	きんちょうしよう	kinchō shiyō
Negative	緊張しない	きんちょうしない	kinchō shinai
Negative continuative	緊張せず	きんちょうせず	kinchō sezu
Formal	緊張します	きんちょうします	kinchō shimasu
Perfective	緊張した	きんちょうした	kinchō shita
Conjunctive	緊張して	きんちょうして	kinchō shite
Hypothetical conditional	緊張すれば	きんちょうすれば	kinchō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Референце

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Корејски

Hanja in this term
緊	張

Именица

緊張 (ginjang) (hangeul 긴장)

1. Hanja form^? of 긴장.

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Вијетнамски

Hán tự in this word
緊	張

Adjective

緊張

1. Hán tự form of khẩn trương, “urgent”