緊張

Takođe pogledajte: 紧张

Kineski

		tight; nervous; strict	(a measure word); surname; open up
trad. (緊張)		緊	張
jedn. (紧张)		紧	张

Etimologija

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanski 緊張(きんちょう) (kinchō).

Izgovor

• Mandarin

  (Pinjin): jǐnzhāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄓㄤ

• Kantonski (Jyutping): gan² zoeng¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kín-chông
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kín-tiuⁿ / kín-tiang / kán-chiong / kín-chiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ging² ziang¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinjin: jǐnzhāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄓㄤ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiinjang
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐnjhang
    • Wade–Giles: chin3-chang1
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Kantonski
  • (Standard Kantonski, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan² zoeng¹
    • Yale: gán jēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan² dzoeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen² zêng¹
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /kɐn³⁵ t͡ɕœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kín-chông
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin` zong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin³ zong¹
    • IPA: /kin³¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-tiuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kín-tiunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kyndviw
    • MFA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /kin⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiũ³³/
    • MFA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiũ⁴⁴/
    • MFA (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiũ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-tiang
    • Tâi-lô: kín-tiang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kyndiafng
    • MFA (Zhangzhou): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiaŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kán-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: kán-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafnciofng
    • MFA (Singapore): /kan⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-chiong
    • Tâi-lô: kín-tsiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kynciofng
    • MFA (Penang): /kin⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡ɕiɔŋ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ging² ziang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kíng tsiang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siaŋ³³/

Adjective

緊張

1. tense; worried; stressed; nervous; anxious

   我有什麼好緊張的呀？ [MSC, trad.]
   我有什么好紧张的呀？ [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ yǒu shénme hǎo jǐnzhāng de ya? [Pinyin]

   What have I got to be worried about?

2. tense (of a muscle, rope, etc.); taut
3. intense; acute; fierce; pressing
4. in short supply
5. fast-paced

Sinonimi

• (worried):

edit

• 擔心／担心
• 擔憂／担忧
• 焦切 (literary)
• 焦急

• 焦慮／焦虑
• 焦灼 (literary)
• 著急／着急

• (pressing):

edit

Sinonimi od 緊張

• 亟亟 (literary)
• 促迫
• 倥傯／倥偬 (literary)
• 切切 (qièqiè) (literary)
• 加急
• 危迫 (literary)
• 孔亟
• 孔急
• 急切
• 急迫
• 打緊／打紧

• 火急
• 窘促
• 緊促／紧促
• 緊急／紧急
• 緊要／紧要
• 緊迫／紧迫
• 緊逼逼／紧逼逼 (Min Nan)
• 要緊／要紧
• 迫切
• 險急／险急

Antonimi

• (tense): 輕鬆／轻松
• (tense; taut): 鬆弛／松弛

Imenica

緊張

1. nerves; nervousness (Klasifikator: 陣／阵)
2. tension (especially in international relations)

   擴大緊張形勢／扩大紧张形势  ―  kuòdà jǐnzhāng xíngshì  ―  to escalate tensions

Izvedeni termini

• 創傷後心理壓力緊張症候群／创伤后心理压力紧张症候群 (chuāngshānghòu xīnlǐ yālì jǐnzhāng zhènghòuqún)

• 緊張性／紧张性

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Japanski

Kanji in this term
緊	張
きん Stepen: S	ちょう Stepen: 5
on’yomi

Imenica

緊(きん)張(ちょう) (kinchō) 

1. physical tension, strain
2. mental strain, nervousness
3. tension in a relationship
4. the contracted state of a muscle

Compounds

• 緊張緩和(きんちょうかんわ) (kinchō kanwa, “détente”)

Glagol

1. be physically tense
2. be mentally tense, be nervous
3. for a relationship to suffer tension
4. for a muscle to contract

Konjugacija

Conjugation of "緊張する" (Vidite Dodatak:Japanski glagoli.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	緊張し	きんちょうし
Continuative (連用形)	緊張し	きんちょうし
Terminal (終止形)	緊張する	きんちょうする
Attributive (連体形)	緊張する	きんちょうする
Hypothetical (仮定形)	緊張すれ	きんちょうすれ
Imperative (命令形)	緊張せよ¹ 緊張しろ²	きんちょうせよ¹ きんちょうしろ²	¹ ²
Key constructions
Passive	緊張される	きんちょうされる
Causative	緊張させる 緊張さす	きんちょうさせる きんちょうさす
Potential	緊張できる	きんちょうできる
Volitional	緊張しよう	きんちょうしよう
Negative	緊張しない	きんちょうしない
Negative continuative	緊張せず	きんちょうせず
Formal	緊張します	きんちょうします
Perfective	緊張した	きんちょうした
Conjunctive	緊張して	きんちょうして
Hypothetical conditional	緊張すれば	きんちょうすれば
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Reference

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korejski

Hanja in this term
緊	張

Imenica

緊張 (ginjang) (hangeul 긴장)

1. Hanja form^? of 긴장.

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Vijetnamski

Hán tự in this word
緊	張

Adjective

緊張

1. Hán tự form of khẩn trương, “urgent”