筷子

Кинески

		chopstick	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 pm-1 am; midnight
трад. (筷子)		筷	子
једн. #(筷子)		筷	子

Етимологија

The Old Chinese words for "chopsticks" were 箸 (OC *das) and 梜 (OC *keːb). 箸 is preserved in almost all Min dialects (Taiwanese tī, tū; Fuzhou dê̤ṳ) and some other dialects, especially those in some contact with Min; it is also preserved in loans to other languages, e.g.

(deprecated template usage) [etyl] Корејски

젓가락 (jeotgarak), Вијетнамски đũa and Zhuang dawh. Starting from the Ming Dynasty, the change to 筷子 occurred in Mandarin, Wu and some Cantonese dialects. The 15th century book Shuyuan Miscellanies (《菽園雜記》／《菽园杂记》) by Lu Rong (陸容／陆容) mentioned this change:

如舟行諱「住」……，以「箸」為「快兒」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

---

如舟行讳“住”……，以“箸”为“快儿” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

Rú zhōuháng huì “zhù”......, yǐ “zhù” wéi “kuàir” [Pinyin]

As the mariners feared 住 (“to stay”) […], they called 箸 (“chopsticks”) 快兒 (lit. "quick").

The bamboo radical (竹) was later added to 快 to form 筷.

Изговор

• Мандарин

  (Стандард)

  (Пинјин): kuàizi

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ ˙ㄗ

  (Chengdu, SP): kuai⁴ zi³

  (Dungan, Ћирилица and Wiktionary): куэзы (III-I)

• Кантонски

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): faai³ zi²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fai¹ du²

• Ган (Викиречник): kuai³ zi
• Jin (Wiktionary): kuai³ zeh
• Wu (Wiktionary): khue tsr (T1); khua tsr (T1)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): kuai⁴ zr

---

• Мандарин
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Пинјин: kuàizi
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ ˙ㄗ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay.tzy
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuàizi̊h
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuai4-tzŭ5
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /kʰwaɪ̯⁵¹ d͡z̥z̩¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: kuai⁴ zi³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kuaiz
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /kʰuai²¹³ t͡sz̩⁵³/
  • (Dungan)
    • Ћирилица and Викиречник: куэзы (III-I)
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /kʰuɛ⁴⁴ t͡sɨː²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Кантонски
  • (Стандард Кантонски, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: faai³ zi²
    • Yale: faai jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faai³ dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fai³ ji²
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /fɑːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Викиречник: fai¹ du²
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /fai³³ tu⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: kuai³ zi
    • Sinological МФА ^(key): /kʰuai²¹³⁻²¹ t͡sz̩¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Викиречник: kuai³ zeh
    • Sinological МФА (old-style): /kʰxuai⁴⁵ t͡səʔ⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: khue tsr (T1); khua tsr (T1)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɯe̞⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/, /kʰɯa̱⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: kuai⁴ zr
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuai⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

Именица

筷子

1. chopsticks (Класификатор: 雙／双 m c; 對／对 m c; 根 m; 把 m; 副 m)

   用筷子吃飯／用筷子吃饭  ―  yòng kuàizi chīfàn  ―  to eat with chopsticks

   一次性筷子  ―  yīcìxìng kuàizi  ―  disposable chopsticks

Синоними

• The dial-syn page 「筷子」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

Изведени појмови

• 火筷子

• 筷子架

Такође погледајте

• (Japanese) 箸(はし) (hashi)