仮名

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
仮	名
か(り) Степен: 5	な Степен: 1
kun’yomi

From Стари Јапански. Compound of 仮 (kari, “borrowing; provisional thing”,

cognate with verb 借る karu, “to borrow”, the Стари Јапански form of modern 借りる kariru

) +‎ 字 (na, “name, character”), from the way that Chinese characters were borrowed for their phonetic values to spell out the sounds of native Japanese words. In contrast to 真名 (mana, “true name, true character”)

, a synonym for 漢字 (kanji)

, indicating Chinese characters used for the meaning instead of for their sound.

Alternative forms

• (rare)

  Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • (Tokyo) かりな [kàríná] (Heiban – [0])
    • МФА^(кључ): [ka̠ɾʲina̠]

  Noun

  仮名(かりな) (karina)  (kyūjitai 假名)

  1. a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana
  2. a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana
  3. a temporary name, an alias

  Synonyms

  Synonyms

  • (alias): 変 (へん)名 (めい) (henmei): changed name; 偽 (ぎ)名 (めい) (gimei): false or fictitious name

  Antonyms

  Antonyms

  • (alias): 実名 (じつめい) (jitsumei): actual name; 本 (ほん)名 (みょう) (honmyō): real name

  Etymology 2

  Kanji in this term
  仮	名
  かり > かん Степен: 5	な Степен: 1
  Irregular

  /karina/ → /kanna/

  Contraction of karina above.

  Alternative forms

  • (rare)

    Pronunciation

    • (Irregular reading)
      • МФА^(кључ): [kã̠nːa̠]

    Noun

    仮名(かんな) (kanna)  (kyūjitai 假名)

    1. a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana
    2. a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana

    Etymology 3

    Kanji in this term
    仮	名
    か Степен: 5	な Степен: 1
    Irregular

    /karina/ → /kanna/ → /kana/

    Contraction of kanna above. The reading may appear to be jūbakoyomi, but is instead actually an irregular development of the kun'yomi.

    Alternative forms

    • (rare)

      Pronunciation

      • (Irregular reading)
        • (Tokyo) かな [kàná] (Heiban – [0])
        • МФА^(кључ): [ka̠na̠]

      Noun

      仮名(かな) (kana)  (kyūjitai 假名)

      1. a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana
      2. a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana
         • Шаблон:RQ:Nippo Jisho

           Cana. カナ (仮名・仮字) 日本の文字の一種. Cananiyù. (仮名に言ふ) 皆の人がわかるように, やさしく話す.

      Derived terms

      Изведени термини

      • 振 (ふ)り仮 (が)名 (な) (furigana)
      • 変体仮名 (へんたいがな) (hentaigana)
      • 平仮名 (ひらがな) (hiragana)
      • 以 (い)呂 (ろ)波 (は)仮 (が)名 (な) (irohagana)
      • 異体仮名 (いたいがな) (itaigana)
      • 上代仮名 (じょうだいがな) (jōdaigana)
      • 仮名文 (かなぶみ) (kanabumi)
      • 片仮名 (かたかな) (katakana)
      • 訓 (くん)仮 (が)名 (な) (kungana)
      • 真 (ま)仮 (が)名 (な) (magana)
      • 豆仮名 (まめがな) (mamegana)
      • 万 (まん)葉 (よう)仮 (が)名 (な) (man'yōgana)
      • 送 (おく)り仮 (が)名 (な) (okurigana)
      • 音 (おん)仮 (が)名 (な) (ongana)
      • 女仮名 (おんながな) (onnagana)
      • 男仮名 (おとこがな) (otokogana)
      • 草 (そう)仮 (が)名 (な) (sōgana)
      • 助仮名 (すけがな) (sukegana)
      • 捨 (す)て仮 (が)名 (な) (sutegana)
      • 裏仮名 (うらがな) (uragana)
      • 総 (そう)仮 (が)名 (な) (sōgana)
      • 付 (つ)け仮 (が)名 (な) (tsukegana)
      • 読 (よ)み仮 (が)名 (な) (yomigana)
      • 四 (よ)つ仮 (が)名 (な) (yotsugana)

      Etymology 4

      Kanji in this term
      仮	名
      か Степен: 5	めい Степен: 1
      on’yomi

      From Средњи Кинески 假名 (kæ^X mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”). Kan'on, so probably a somewhat later borrowing from Chinese. Compare modern Кантонски reading gaa² meng^4-2.

      Pronunciation

      • On’yomi: Kan’on
        • (Tokyo) かめー [kàméé] (Heiban – [0])
        • МФА^(кључ): [ka̠me̞ː]

      Noun

      仮名(かめい) (kamei)  (kyūjitai 假名)

      1. an assumed name: an alias, sobriquet, pen name

      Synonyms

      Synonyms

      • 変 (へん)名 (めい) (henmei): changed name; 偽 (ぎ)名 (めい) (gimei): false or fictitious name

      Antonyms

      Antonyms

      • 実名 (じつめい) (jitsumei): actual name
      • 本 (ほん)名 (みょう) (honmyō): real name

      Etymology 5

      Kanji in this term
      仮	名
      け Степен: 5	みょう Степен: 1
      on’yomi

      /kemjau/ → /kemjɔː/ → /kemjoː/

      From Средњи Кинески 假名 (kæ^X mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”). Goon, so probably an earlier borrowing from Chinese. Compare modern Мин Нан reading ké-miâ. The Buddhist sense derives from use of this term in Chinese as a translation of the Санскрт term प्रज्ञप्ति (prajñapti, “appointing → provisional naming”), used in some Buddhist schools to refer to the practice of conceptualising and naming things that are not real.

      Pronunciation

      • On’yomi: Goon
        • (Tokyo) けみょー [kèmyóó] (Heiban – [0])
        • МФА^(кључ): [ke̞mʲo̞ː]

      Noun

      仮名(けみょう) (kemyō)  (kyūjitai 假名, historical kana けみやう)

      1. an assumed name: an alias, sobriquet, pen name
      2. in feudal Japan, a public name given to boys upon coming of age, after which their birth names would be kept private
      3. a provisional name given to someone when the real name is unknown: compare English Jane Doe, John Doe
         1. (Buddhism) the conceptualisation and provisional naming of things that are not real; something so named

         Synonyms

         Synonyms

         • (alias): 変 (へん)名 (めい) (henmei): changed name; 偽 (ぎ)名 (めい) (gimei): false or fictitious name
         • (public name): 呼 (よ)び名 (な) (yobina): calling or addressing name; 通 (つう)称 (しょう) (tsūshō): common appellation; 俗称 (ぞくしょう) (zokushō): popular or everyday appellation

         Antonyms

         Antonyms

         • (alias): 実名 (じつめい) (jitsumei): actual name; 本 (ほん)名 (みょう) (honmyō): real name
         • (public name): 実名 (じつめい) (jitsumei): actual name

         References

         • Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.