होना

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Hindi[уреди]

Etymology[уреди]

From Old Hindi होना (honā), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀪𑁄𑀤𑀺 (bhodi), from Санскрт भवति (bhávati, “to happen, to become”), from Пра-Индо-Ирански *bʰáwHati, from Пра-Индо-Европски *bʰéwHeti (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”).

Cognate with Непалски हुनु (hunu), Punjabi ਹੋਣਾ (hoṇā), Гуџарати હોવું (hovũ), Marathi होणे (hoṇe), Бенгали হওয়া (hôoya), Асамски হোৱা (hüa). Other Indo-European cognates include Персијски بودن‎ (budan), Руски быть (bytʹ), Енглески be, Латински fui, Шпански fui.

Past forms derive from Санскрт स्था (sthā). Compare Гуџарати થવું (thavũ, “to become”).

Pronunciation[уреди]

Verb[уреди]

होना (honā) (Urdu spelling ہونا‎) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. (transitive, copulative) to be (used to indicate that the subject and object are the same)
    आपका नाम क्या है? ― āpkā nām kyā hai? ― What is your name?
  2. (transitive, copulative) to be, become (to have or gain the quality of)
    खाना बहुत बुरा है। ― khānā bahut burā hai. ― The food is very bad.
    तुम ग़ुस्से हो क्या? ― tum ġusse ho kyā? ― Are you angry?
    वह बहुत ग़ुस्सा हुआ। ― vah bahut ġussā huā. ― He was/became angry.
  3. (intransitive) to exist
    आस्तिक कहते है कि भगवान है।
    āstik kahte hai ki bhagvān hai.
    Theists believe that God exists.
    1. (intransitive) to be born
      एक बच्चा हुआ। ― ek baccā huā. ― A child was born.
  4. (intransitive) to occur, happen, take place
    घर में एक मुसीबत हुइ है। ― ghar mẽ ek musībat hui hai. ― A disaster has occurred at home.
    क्या हुआ? ― kyā huā? ― What happened?
    Синоними: घटना (ghaṭnā), घटित होन (ghaṭit hon)
  5. (intransitive) to be (occupy a certain location)
    मेरा भतीजा कहाँ है? ― merā bhatījā kahā̃ hai? ― Where is my nephew?
  6. (intransitive) to result, have an effect
    अगर तू नहीं जीतती तो क्या हुआ?
    agar tū nahī̃ jīttī to kyā huā?
    What does it matter if you didn't win?
    Синоним: फ़रक़ पड़ना (faraq paṛnā)
    Синоними: पैदा होना (paidā honā), जन्म लेना (janma lenā)
  7. (intransitive) to pass by, elapse
    दो साल हुए है जबसे मैंने नौकरी शुरू की।
    do sāl hue hai jabse mainne naukrī śurū kī.
    Two years have elapsed since I started (my) job.
  8. (intransitive, with instrumental-case subject) to be done, committed
    मुझसे एक ग़लती हो गई है। ― mujhse ek ġaltī ho gaī hai. ― I have made a mistake. (literally, “A mistake has been committed by me.”)
  9. (intransitive) a tense auxiliary
    मैं खा रहा हूँ। ― ma͠i khā rahā hū̃. ― I am eating.
    वह हवाईजहाज़ को देख रहा था।
    vah havāījhāz ko dekh rahā thā.
    He was watching the airplane.
  10. (intransitive) a modal auxiliary
    1. indicates the presumptive (a kind of irrealis) mood
      उसने नाश्ता खाया होगा। ― usne nāśtā khāyā hogā. ― He probably ate breakfast.
    2. to have to, must
      मैं आज पार्टी पे नहीं आ पाऊंगा, मुझे काम करना है।
      ma͠i āj pārṭī pe nahī̃ ā pāūṅgā, mujhe kām karnā hai.
      I can't go the party today, I have to do work.
  11. (transitive) a conjunct verb turning any noun or adjective into a verb
    खड़ा होना ― khaṛā honā ― to stand up
    बड़ा होना ― baṛā honā ― to grow up
    कूल होना ― kūl honā ― to be cool
    परेशान होना ― pareśān honā ― to be worried, anxious

Conjugation[уреди]

Шаблон:hi-conj-hona

Derived terms[уреди]

Шаблон:rel2

Further reading[уреди]

Old Hindi[уреди]

Etymology[уреди]

From Шаблон:inh, from Шаблон:der, from Шаблон:inh, from Шаблон:inh. Compare Шаблон:cog.

Verb[уреди]

Шаблон:head

  1. to be

Descendants[уреди]

References[уреди]

Преузето из „https://sr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=होना&oldid=608594”