מ־
Hebrejski
[uredi]Etimologija
[uredi]Od מִן (min), by assimilation of the /n/ to the following consonant.
Izgovor
[uredi]Preposition
[uredi]מִ־ (mi-)
- From, of, from inside.
- Introducing a noun or other nominal.
- יצאתי מהחדר. ― yatzáti mehakhéder. ― I left [literally went out from] the room.
- מתי מגיעה הטיסה מתל אביב? ― matái magi'á hatisá mitel-avív? ― When does the flight from Tel Aviv arrive?
- Introducing a prepositional phrase or other adverbial.
- הכרתי אותו מלפני הרבה שנים. ― hikárti otó milifnéi harbé shaním. ― I've known him since many years ago [literally from before many years].
- Introducing a noun or other nominal.
- Than, more than.
- הוא יותר גבוה ממנה. ― hu yotér gavóah miménah. ― He is taller than her [literally more tall than her].
- הוא גבוה ממנה. ― hu gavóah miménah. ― He is taller than her [literally tall than her].
- (in negative) Without, without the existence or presence of.
- Because of, due to, for.
- רק מסיבה אחת הסכמתי: ביקשת. ― rak misibá akhát hiskámti: bikásht(a). ― For only one reason did I agree to: you asked.
- Used to construe various verbs.
- ביקשו ממך גם? ― bikshú mimkhá/mimékh gam? ― Did they ask [literally ask from] you, too?
- כולם מפחדים ממנו. ― kulám m'fakh'dím miménu. ― Everyone is afraid of him/us.
- ניסינו למנוע מזה לקרות. ― nisínu limnóa mize likrót. ― We tried to prevent it from happening.
- שכחנו מההצגה. ― shakhákhnu mehahatzagá. ― We forgot about the play.
Usage notes
[uredi]- In writing with niqqud, the preposition מִ־ induces a dagesh forte (gemination) in the following consonant, unless that consonant is a guttural one, and thus, does not accept dagesh (i.e. א, ה, ח, ע, or ר), in which case the preposition becomes מֵ־ (me-), except before חוט (khut, “thread”), חוץ (khutz, “outside”), היות (h'yot, “be”), where it remains מִ־. However, neither gemination nor the vowel change is ordinarily reflected in Modern Israeli Hebrew pronunciation.
Inflection
[uredi]- מִ־ shares its inflected forms with מִן (min).
Inflection table
| Non-personal-pronoun-including form | מִ־, מֵ־ (mi-, mei-), מִן (min) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Plural | ||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
| First person | מִמֶּנִּי (miméni) | מִמֶּנּוּ (miménu), מאיתנו / מֵאִתָּנוּ (mei'itánu) |
||
| Second person | מִמְּךָ (mim'khá) | מִמֵּךְ (mimékh) | מִכֶּם (mikém), מִמְּכֶם (mim'khém)1 |
מִכֶּן (mikén), מִמְּכֶן (mim'khén)1 |
| Third person | מִמֶּנּוּ (miménu), ממנו (miméno)2 |
מִמֶּנָּה (miména) | מֵהֶם (meihém) | מֵהֶן (meihén) |
| Notes |
1. The forms ממכם and ממכן are somewhat informal. |
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References
[uredi]- “מ־” in Abraham Even-Shoshan (אַבְרָהָם אֶבֶן־שֹׁשָן) et al., הַמִּלּוֹן הֶחָדָשׁ (ha-milón he-khadásh, “The New Dictionary”), Kiryat-Sefer Ltd. (קִרְיַת־סֵפֶר בְּע״ם) (1984), →ISBN 965-17-0084-X, volume 2 of 3 (ל to צ), →ISBN 965-17-0096-3, page 611.