月
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Redosled pisanja | |||
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Redosled pisanja | |||
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Han character
月 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 月 (B), četiri-ugla 77220, composition ⿵⺆𠄠)
- Kangci radikal #74, ⽉.
Usage notes
Do not confuse 月 with ⺼, a form of 肉 (“flesh, meat”) when used as the left-hand radical of a character. ⺼ is used for parts of the body such as 背 (“back”) or 肝 (“liver”). These may be written identically as 月, but in careful use they are distinguished, with the inside of ⺼ being written with unattached diagonal strokes. This is particularly an issue in looking up characters by radical; compare the 月 index and 肉 index.
Derived characters
- Dodatak:Kineski radikal/月
- 仴, 𫥂, 𠯲, 𪢻, 𫰒, 岄, 抈, 㳉, 阴, 明, 枂, 㱚, 玥, 迌, 𤰾, 眀, 䄴, 䎳, 䑚, 蚏, 䚴, 𧲩, 𧵂, 跀, 𨊸(䢁), 鈅(钥), 䩗, 𩢋, 𩵺(𬶈), 刖, 閒(𫔮)
References
- KangXi: page 504, karakter 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 14330
- Dae Jaweon: strana 879, karakter 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 3, strana 2041, karakter 1
- Unihan data za U+6708
Further reading
jedn. and trad. |
月 | |
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alternativne forme | 𡇹 𠥱 |
Glyph origin
Istorijski oblici karaktera 月 | |||
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Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Znakovi u istom fonetskom nizu (月) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Stari Kineski | |
刖 | |
枂 | |
月 | |
跀 | |
抈 | |
鈅 | |
玥 | |
蚏 |
Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) – pictographic representation of a crescent moon. Compare 夕.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋʷ(j)a-t (“moon; star”), whence also Magar [Term?] (gya hot, “moon”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *mwatᴸ (“star; moon”) (whence Lahu məʔ-kə (“star”)), Drung gurmet (“star”) (Matisoff, 1980; LaPolla, 1987; STEDT).
Various alternative etymologies have also been proposed:
- Unger (1992) proposes cognation with Tibetan ངོ (ngo, “waxing and waning moon; half moon”) (as in མར་ངོ (mar ngo, “waning moon”) and ཡར་ངོ (yar ngo, “waxing moon”)), which Schuessler (2007) connects to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋow (“white; light colour”). However, Sagart (1999) points out that the Tibetan word may be analyzed as a derivative of Tibetan ངོ (ngo, “face”), which would mean the semantic connection between “moon” and “face” had to occur either independently in Chinese and Tibetan or in Proto-Sino-Tibetan; it also requires positing a suffix -t in Chinese.
- Pulleybank (1995a) proposes another etymology based on the glyph for 名 (reconstructed as *màŋʲ), which he analyses as a phono-semantic compound of phonetic 夕 (“moon”) and semantic 口 (“mouth”). He suggests that the phonetic component represents a lost word *màŋʲ (“moon”), and reconstructs 月 as *mŋʲ (consonantal frame of “moon”) + *-at (suffix) > *ŋʲʷat. However, there are more straightforward ways of explaining the glyph origin of 名 (see there), which would nullify the hypothesis of the lost word.
- Related to 越 (“to pass over; to cross over”) in some way.
- Mei (1979) derives 月 from 越 (OC **gjot > *gwjat): **N-gjot > *ngwjat. Also in this proposed word family is 歲 (OC **s-gjots > *skwjadh, “year”). The semantics of this word family is centred around "to pass; to elapse". While Matisoff (1980) seems supportive of this word family, STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwat (“to travel; to go through”) for 越 and 歲, separate from the root for 月.
- Ferlus (2012) reconstructs the Old Chinese as *ŋ.wat and puts it in a word family formed from a Chinese root *wat, having a meaning of "circularity" or "circular boundary". This proposed word family includes 越 (OC *wat, “to cross over”), as in "to cross the enclosure of the village", and 外 (OC *ŋ.wat-s, “outside”), as in "out of the enclosure of the village".
Pronunciation
Definitions
月
- (literary or dialectal) moon (Klasifikator: 輪/轮 m)
- moon-shaped objects
- (literary) moonlight
- month (Klasifikator: 個/个 m c; 隻/只 h)
- monthly
- 月薪 ― yuèxīn ― monthly wage
- Classifier for months.
- A prezime..
Quotations
Za navode korišćenja ovog termina, vidite Citati:月.
Synonyms
Compounds
Descendants
See also
Etymology 2
Za izgovor i definicije od 月 – vidi 肉. (Ovaj character, 月, je an ancient oblik od 肉.) |
Etymology 3
Za izgovor i definicije od 月 – vidi 夕. (Ovaj character, 月, je an ancient oblik od 夕.) |
Etymology 4
Za izgovor i definicije od 月 – vidi 明. (Ovaj character, 月, je an ancient oblik od 明.) |
References
- Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01841
- “Entry #812”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Kanji
Lua greška in Modul:languages at line 1302: The function getByCode expects a string as its first argument, but received nil..
Readings
- Go-on: がち (gachi)←ぐわち (gwati, historical); ごち (gochi)
- Kan-on: げつ (getsu, Jōyō)←げつ (getu, historical)←ぐゑつ (gwetu, ancient)
- Kan’yō-on: がつ (gatsu, Jōyō)←ぐわつ (gwatu, historical)
- Kun: つき (tsuki, 月, Jōyō)
- Nanori: おと (oto); す (su); もり (mori); がっ (ga'); ずき (zuki)
Compounds
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
つき Stepen: 1 |
kun’yomi |
⟨tuki2⟩ → */tukɨ/ → */t͡sukɨ/ → /t͡suki/
From Old Japanese 月 (tuki2), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *tukuy.[1]
Likely a shift from Old Japanese 月 (tuku), derived through a fusion with ancient Japanese emphatic nominal particle い (i). Compare the development of 神 (kami, “Shinto deity”) from older combining form kamu.
Pronunciation
Noun
月 (tsuki)
- the moon
- (astronomy) a natural satellite
- moonlight, moonbeam
- a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of the moon
- (tarot) the Moon, the eighteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks
- a month
- Short for 月囲い (tsukigakoi): a mistress on a monthly allowance
- (archaic) a menstrual cycle, menstruation Galicijski
Quotations
Za navode korišćenja ovog termina, vidite Citati:月.
Derived terms
Japanese number-counter combinations for 月 (tsuki) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | How many? |
一月 (hitotsuki) | 二月 (futatsuki) | 三月 (mitsuki) | 四月 (yotsuki) | 五月 (itsutsuki) | 六月 (mutsuki) | 七月 (nanatsuki) | 八月 (yatsuki) | 九月 (kokonotsuki) | 十月 (totsuki) | 何月 (nantsuki) |
Idioms
Proper noun
月 (Tsuki)
- a female given name
- A prezime..
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
がつ Stepen: 1 |
kan’yōon |
/ɡʷatɨ/ → /ɡʷat͡su/ → /ɡat͡su/
From Middle Chinese 月 (ŋʉɐt̚). The 慣用音 (kan'yōon) reading, a pronunciation in common usage based on a corruption of the Middle Chinese borrowing.
Pronunciation
Suffix
月 or 月 (gatsu or suffix) ←ぐわつ (gwatu)?[[Category:Japanski Šablon:error|かつ']]
- month of the year
Derived terms
- 正月 (shōgatsu)
Japanese number-counter combinations for 月 (gatsu) | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th | 11th | 12th | Which month? |
一月 (ichigatsu) | 二月 (nigatsu) | 三月 (sangatsu) | 四月 (shigatsu) | 五月 (gogatsu) | 六月 (rokugatsu) | 七月 (shichigatsu) 七月 (nanagatsu) |
八月 (hachigatsu) | 九月 (kugatsu) | 十月 (jūgatsu) | 十一月 (jūichigatsu) | 十二月 (jūnigatsu) | 何月 (nangatsu) |
Affix
月 or 月 (gatsu or suffix) ←ぐわつ (gwatu)?[[Category:Japanski Šablon:error|かつ']]
- moon
- month
Derived terms
Usage notes
When used in most compounds or when counting a number of months with ヶ (ka), 月 is pronounced げつ (getsu). When used in compounds for modern months of the year, it is pronounced がつ (gatsu). When used for poetic or lunar months, it is pronounced つき (tsuki).
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
げつ Stepen: 1 |
kan’on |
/ɡʷetu/ → /ɡet͡su/
From Middle Chinese 月 (ŋʉɐt̚).
The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare modern Hakka 月 (ngie̍t), Min Nan 月 (ge̍h).
Pronunciation
Counter
Usage notes
When used in most compounds or when counting a number of months with ヶ (ka), 月 is pronounced げつ (getsu). When used in compounds for modern months of the year, it is pronounced がつ (gatsu). When used for poetic or lunar months, it is pronounced つき (tsuki).
Derived terms
- ヶ月 (-kagetsu)
Noun
月 (getsu)
Affix
月 (getsu)
- moon
- month
- menstruation, menstrual cycle
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
がち Stepen: 1 |
goon |
/ɡʷat͡ɕi/ → /ɡat͡ɕi/
First attested in the Edo period.
Appears to be a poetic use of the 呉音 (goon) reading, in reference to a rank of 端女郎 (hashi jorō, “low-end prostitute”) in the Kansai region. According to a popular song, a 月 (gachi, “moon”) prostitute cost one 匁 (monme, old unit of currency, worth roughly 3.75 grams of silver), a 影 (kage, “shadow”) prostitute cost two monme, and a 汐 (shio, “tide; loveliness”) prostitute cost three monme.[2][4]
Pronunciation
Noun
- (Kansai, historical) during the Edo period, a low rank of low-end prostitute
Derived terms
- 月の女郎 (gachi no jorō)
Etymology 5
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
がち Stepen: 1 |
goon |
Either a shift in sense from the low-ranking prostitute meaning above, or a shift in pronunciation from 頑痴 (ganchi, “stubborn and stupid”).[2][4]
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
- 瓦智 (ateji)
Adjective
Lua greška in Modul:ja-headword at line 301: attempt to call field 'kana_to_romaji' (a nil value).
Inflection
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 月なら | がちなら | gatinara | |
Continuative (連用形) | 月に[1] 月なり[2] |
がちに がちなり |
gatini gatinari | |
Terminal (終止形) | 月なり | がちなり | gatinari | |
Attributive (連体形) | 月なる | がちなる | gatinaru | |
Realis (已然形) | 月なれ | がちなれ | gatinare | |
Imperative (命令形) | 月なれ | がちなれ | gatinare | |
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | 月ならず | がちならず | gatinarazu | |
Contrasting conjunction | 月なれど | がちなれど | gatinaredo | |
Causal conjunction | 月なれば | がちなれば | gatinareba | |
Conditional conjunction | 月ならば | がちならば | gatinaraba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 月なりき | がちなりき | gatinariki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 月なりけり | がちなりけり | gatinarikeri | |
Adverbial | 月に | がちに | gatini | |
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Noun
- (archaic, possibly obsolete) something or someone that/who is crude, unrefined, hickish
- Sinonim: 野暮 (yabo)
References
- ↑ Pellard, Thomas (2012), “日琉祖語の分岐年代”, in 琉球諸語と古代日本語に関する比較言語学的研究」ワークショップ[1], page 6
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 月.
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅌᅯᇙ〮 (Yale: ngwélq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | ᄃᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: tól) | 월〮 (Yale: wél) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [wʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [월]
Hanja
Lua greška in Modul:headword at line 442: In full_headword(), `data.translits` must be an array but is a string.
- Hanja form? of 월 (“month”).
- Hanja form? of 월 (“moon”).
- Hanja form? of 월 (“Short for 월요일(月曜日) (woryoil, “Monday”).”).
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Kunigami
Kanji
月
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.
Pronunciation
Noun
月 (hiragana しちー, romaji shichī)
- the moon
Miyako
Kanji
月
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.
Pronunciation
Noun
月 (hiragana つぃきぃ, romaji tsïksï)
- the moon
- a month
- Lua greška in package.lua at line 80: module 'Modul:labels/data/lang/mvi' not found. Monday
Okinawan
Kanji
Readings
- On: ぐゎち (gwachi)←ぐゎつぃ (gwatsi, historical)
- Kun: ちち (chichi)←つぃち (tsichi, historical)
Compounds
Alternative forms
- (topicalized) 月ぇ (chichē)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
ちち Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki, from Proto-Japonic *tukuy.
Cognate with Japanski 月 (tsuki).
Pronunciation
Noun
月 (hiragana ちち, rōmaji chichi, historical hiragana つぃち)
- the moon
- a month
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
月 |
ぐゎち Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
Pronunciation
Noun
月 (hiragana ぐゎち, rōmaji gwachi)
- month of the year
Suffix
- month of the year
Further reading
References
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
From Proto-Japonic *tukuy.
Likely a shift from tuku below, derived through a fusion with い (i2, emphatic nominal particle). Compare the development of 神 (kamu → kami2, “Shinto deity”).
Noun
月 (tuki2) (kana つき)
- the moon
- a month
- a menstrual cycle, menstruation Galicijski
Quotations
Za navode korišćenja ovog termina, vidite Citati:月.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Possibly from Proto-Japonic *tuku.
Noun
月 (tuku) (kana つく)
- (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) the moon
- (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) a month
- Combining form of ツキ乙 (tuki2) above
Quotations
Za navode korišćenja ovog termina, vidite Citati:月.
Derived terms
Han character
月: Hán Việt readings: nguyệt-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel (
月: Nôm readings: nguyệt-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd, ngoạt-bonet;taberd, nhục-tdcntd;bonet
- Hán tự form of nguyệt, ngoạt, “moon; month”
- Hán tự form of nhục, “Alternative form of 肉 (“meat radical”)”
Compounds
References
Yaeyama
Kanji
月
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.
Pronunciation
Noun
月 (hiragana つぃきぃ, romaji tsïkï)
- the moon
Yonaguni
Kanji
月
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.
Pronunciation
Noun
- the moon
月 (kineski)
Izgovor:
- pinjin: yuè
Šablon:zh-cirAudio: (datoteka)
Radikal:
- ⽉ 074
Značenja:
- ...
Primeri:
—
- 1以色列 人的族長、千夫長、百夫長、和官長都分定班次、每班是二萬四千人、週年按月輪流、替換出入服事王。
- 1 Yǐsèliè rén de zúzhǎng, qiānfū zhǎng, bǎi fu zhǎng, hé guān zhǎng dōu fēn dìng bāncì, měi bān shì èr wàn sìqiān rén, zhōunián àn yuè lúnliú, tìhuàn chūrù fú shì wáng.
Homofoni:
- ...
Serija: 系列#2404(月): 月|仴|阴|抈|岄|玥|枂|眀|钥|鈅|蚏|跀|朙|刖|肜|肎|肻|膋|迌|佾|洕|湇|覇
Homografi:
- ...
HSK nivo:
- ...
Asocijacije:
- ...
Izvedene reči:
- ...
Srodni članci sa Vikipedije:
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Reference
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- Japanski kanji with kan'on reading げつ
- Japanski kanji with historical kan'on reading げつ
- Japanski kanji with ancient kan'on reading ぐゑつ
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- Japanski female given names
- Japanski prezimena
- Japanski terms spelled with 月 read as がつ
- Japanski terms read with on'yomi
- Japanski pojmovi izvedeni iz Middle Chinese
- Japanski terms with multiple readings
- Japanski terms spelled with 月 read as げつ
- Japanski counters
- Japanski terms historically spelled with ゑ
- Japanski terms with obsolete senses
- Japanski affixes
- Japanski terms spelled with 月 read as がち
- Kansai Japanese
- Japanski terms with historical senses
- ja:Astronomy
- ja:Days of the week
- ja:Time
- Japanese words with multiple readings
- Korejski govor
- Korejski pojmovi izvedeni iz Middle Chinese
- ko:Days of the week
- ko:Time
- Kunigami lemmas
- Kunigami Han characters
- Japanese kanji using old ja-readings format
- Kunigami izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Ryukyuan
- Kunigami pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Ryukyuan
- Kunigami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kunigami nouns
- Miyako lemmas
- Miyako Han characters
- Miyako entries with topic categories using raw markup
- Miyako izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Ryukyuan
- Miyako pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Ryukyuan
- Miyako terms with IPA pronunciation
- Miyako nouns
- mvi:Astronomy
- mvi:Days of the week
- mvi:Time
- Okinawan Han characters
- Grade 1 kanji
- Terms with redundant transliterations/ryu
- Requests for attention concerning Okinawan
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading ちち
- Okinawan kanji with historical kun reading つぃち
- Okinawan kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation
- Okinawan kanji with on reading ぐゎち
- Okinawan kanji with historical on reading ぐゎつぃ
- Okinawan terms spelled with 月 read as ちち
- Okinawan terms read with kun'yomi
- Okinawan izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinawan pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinawan izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Japonic
- Okinawan pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Japonic
- Okinawan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Okinawan terms written with one Han script character
- Okinawan terms spelled with 月
- Okinawan single-kanji terms
- Okinawan terms with redundant head parameter
- Okinawan entries with topic categories using raw markup
- Okinawan terms spelled with 月 read as ぐゎち
- Okinawan terms read with on'yomi
- ryu:Astronomy
- Old Japanese izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Japonic
- Old Japanese pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Japonic
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese nouns
- Vijetnamski govor
- Vietnamese Han tu
- Vietnamese Nom
- Yaeyama lemmas
- Yaeyama Han characters
- Yaeyama entries with topic categories using raw markup
- Yaeyama izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Ryukyuan
- Yaeyama pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Ryukyuan
- Yaeyama terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yaeyama nouns
- rys:Astronomy
- Yonaguni lemmas
- Yonaguni Han characters
- Yonaguni entries with topic categories using raw markup
- Yonaguni izrazi nasleđeni od Proto-Ryukyuan
- Yonaguni pojmovi izvedeni iz Proto-Ryukyuan
- Yonaguni terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yonaguni nouns
- yoi:Astronomy
- Kineska reč
- Reči napravljene automatizmom
- Biblija
- Stari zavet
- 52 - radikala
- Radikal
- 4 poteza
- Radikal 074- 月
- 月
- B
- ⠫